Nicotine Levels in Electronic Cigarettes
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TLDR
In ECs, which vaporize nicotine effectively, the amount inhaled from 15 puffs is lower compared with smoking a conventional cigarette, but EC brands and models differ in their efficacy and consistency of nicotine vaporization.Abstract:
Introduction: The electronic cigarette (EC) is a plastic device that imitates conventional cigarettes and was developed to deliver nicotine in a toxin-free vapor. Nicotine in a solution is heated and vaporized when a person puffs through the device and is inhaled as a vapor into the mouth. The EC is a new product on the market and little is known about its safety and nicotine delivery efficacy. The aim of the study was to analyze nicotine levels in vapor generated from various EC brands and models. The study was designed to assess efficacy and consistency of various ECs in converting nicotine to vapor and to analyze dynamics of nicotine vaporization. Methods: Sixteen ECs were selected based on their popularity in the Polish, U.K. and U.S. markets. Vapors were generated using an automatic smoking machine modified to simulate puffing con ditions of real EC users. Nicotine was absorbed in a set of washing bottles with methanol and analyzed with gas chromatography. Results: The total level of nicotine in vapor generated by 20 series of 15 puffs varied from 0.5 to 15.4 mg. Most of the analyzed ECs effectively delivered nicotine during the first 150–180 puffs. On an average, 50%–60% of nicotine from a cartridge was vaporized. Conclusions: ECs generate vapor that contains nicotine, but EC brands and models differ in their efficacy and consistency of nicotine vaporization. In ECs, which vaporize nicotine effectively, the amount inhaled from 15 puffs is lower compared with smoking a conventional cigarette.read more
Citations
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References
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Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e cigarette) on desire to smoke and withdrawal, user preferences and nicotine delivery: randomised cross-over trial
TL;DR: The 16 mg Ruyan V8 ENDD alleviated desire to smoke after overnight abstinence, was well tolerated and had a pharmacokinetic profile more like the Nicorette inhalator than a tobacco cigarette.
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A Clinical Laboratory Model for Evaluating the Acute Effects of Electronic “Cigarettes”: Nicotine Delivery Profile and Cardiovascular and Subjective Effects
TL;DR: Under these acute testing conditions, neither of the electronic cigarettes exposed users to measurable levels of nicotine or CO, although both suppressed nicotine/tobacco abstinence symptom ratings and increased product acceptability ratings.
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Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: A step forward or a repeat of past mistakes?
Zachary Cahn,Michael Siegel +1 more
TL;DR: Electronic cigarettes show tremendous promise in the fight against tobacco-related morbidity and mortality and by dramatically expanding the potential for harm reduction strategies to achieve substantial health gains, they may fundamentally alter the tobacco harm reduction debate.
ARTICLES Doses of Nicotine and Lung Carcinogens Delivered to Cigarette Smokers
TL;DR: The FTC protocol underestimates nicotine and carcinogen doses to smokers and overestimates the proportional benefit of low-yield cigarettes, so FTC-based nicotine medication doses prescribed/recommended for smoking cessation may need to be reassessed.
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Doses of Nicotine and Lung Carcinogens Delivered to Cigarette Smokers
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a pressure transducer system to evaluate puffing characteristics for 133 smokers of cigarettes rated by the FTC at 1.2 mg of nicotine or less.
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