Journal ArticleDOI
Parabolic flight: loss of sense of orientation
James R. Lackner,Ashton Graybiel +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
These observations reveal an important influence of touch, pressure, and kinesthetic information on spatial orientation and provide a basis for understanding many of the postural illusions reported by astronauts in space flight.Abstract:
On the earth, or in level flight, a blindfolded subject being rotated at constant velocity about his recumbent long body axis experiences illusory orbital motion of his body in the opposite direction. By contrast, during comparable rotation in the free-fall phase of parabolic flight, no body motion is perceived and all sense of external orientation may be lost; when touch and pressure stimulation is applied to the body surface, a sense of orientation is reestablished immediately. The increased gravitoinertial force period of a parabola produces an exaggeration of the orbital motion experienced in level flight. These observations reveal an important influence of touch, pressure, and kinesthetic information on spatial orientation and provide a basis for understanding many of the postural illusions reported by astronauts in space flight.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Human orientation and movement control in weightless and artificial gravity environments
James R. Lackner,Paul DiZio +1 more
TL;DR: It is stressed that when astronauts and cosmonauts return from extended space flight they do so with both physical ”plant” and neural ”controller” structurally and functionally altered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stabilization of posture by precision touch of the index finger with rigid and flexible filaments.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the properties of finger contact and of the contacted object necessary to produce postural stabilization in subjects standing heel-to-toe with eyes closed, as well as how accurately hand position can be controlled.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proprioceptive information processing in weightlessness.
Régine Roll,Jean-Claude Gilhodes,Jean-Pierre Roll,Konstantin G. Popov,O. Charade,Victor S. Gurfinkel +5 more
TL;DR: The main results show that a parallel in-flight attenuation of the vibration-induced postural responses and kinesthetic illusions occurred, which seems to indicate that the proprioceptive system adapts to the microgravity context, where standing posture and conscious coding of anteroposterior body movements are no longer relevant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial orientation in weightless environments.
TL;DR: The virtual absence of sensations of falling during exposure to free-fall emphasizes the role of cognitive factors in experienced orientation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sensorimotor and perceptual function of muscle proprioception in microgravity.
Jean-Pierre Roll,Konstantin G. Popov,Victor S. Gurfinkel,M. Lipshits,C. André-Deshays,J. C. Gilhodes,C. Quoniam +6 more
TL;DR: The space experiment investigated the hypothesis that the modifications of both biomechanical and physiological conditions occurring under microgravity involve considerable reorganization of body perception and postural control, and suggested that a functional reorganizations of the proprioceptive information processing occurs in microgravity, affecting both perceptual and motor aspects of behavior.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of head movements and vestibular and visual cues in sound localization.
TL;DR: Koehler and Henle as discussed by the authors demonstrated that a distinct localization of sound exists for directions which do not fall into the horizontal plane but lie above or below at varying elevations, in other words that a discrimination of directions with respect to above and below and front and back is possible as well as discrimination with respectto right and left which has been studied for many years.
Journal Article
Some influences of touch and pressure cues on human spatial orientation
James R. Lackner,Ashton Graybiel +1 more
TL;DR: Observations provide insight into the spatial orientation mechanisms that normally allow an organism to distinguish accurately between those changes in activity at its receptors contingent on its own movements, and those resulting from movement within the environment.
The Inversion Illusion in Parabolic Flight: its Probable Dependence on Otolith Function
TL;DR: Observations were made on normal subjects and deaf persons with bilateral labyrinthine defects under three different conditions in parabolic flight: free-floating, restrained in a Fiberglas mold, and 'standing' on the overhead during a motified parabola generating about -0.05 G unit.
Journal Article
The inversion illusion in parabolic flight Its probable dependence on otolith function
TL;DR: Cosmonauts inversion illusion in parabolic flight was studied with normal and deaf subjects, noting probable dependence on otolith function as mentioned in this paper, and finding that the inversion illusions depend on the amount of ear protection.
Journal Article
Postural illusions experienced during Z-axis recumbent rotation and their dependence upon somatosensory stimulation of the body surface
James R. Lackner,Ashton Graybiel +1 more
TL;DR: The illusory motion all subjects experience during Z-axis recumbent rotation is shown to depend upon the touch- and pressure-stimulation of the body surface generated by contact forces of support.