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Patient and public engagement in research and health system decision making: A systematic review of evaluation tools

TLDR
Reviews looking at evaluation tools for patient engagement in individual decision making do exist, but no similar articles in research and health systems have been published.
Abstract
Background Patient and public engagement is growing, but evaluative efforts remain limited. Reviews looking at evaluation tools for patient engagement in individual decision making do exist, but no similar articles in research and health systems have been published. Objective Systematically review and appraise evaluation tools for patient and public engagement in research and health system decision making. Methods We searched literature published between January 1980 and February 2016. Electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were consulted, as well as grey literature obtained through Google, subject-matter experts, social media and engagement organization websites. Two independent reviewers appraised the evaluation tools based on 4 assessment criteria: scientific rigour, patient and public perspective, comprehensiveness and usability. Results In total, 10 663 unique references were identified, 27 were included. Most of these tools were developed in the last decade and were designed to support improvement of engagement activities. Only 11% of tools were explicitly based on a literature review, and just 7% were tested for reliability. Patients and members of the public were involved in designing 56% of the tools, mainly in the piloting stage, and 18.5% of tools were designed to report evaluation results to patients and the public. Conclusion A growing number of evaluation tools are available to support patient and public engagement in research and health system decision making. However, the scientific rigour with which such evaluation tools are developed could be improved, as well as the level of patient and public engagement in their design and reporting.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Frameworks for supporting patient and public involvement in research: Systematic review and co-design pilot.

TL;DR: Numerous frameworks for supporting, evaluating and reporting patient and public involvement in research exist and are diverse and theoretically heterogeneous.
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The dark side of coproduction: do the costs outweigh the benefits for health research?

TL;DR: This work summarises the arguments in favour of coproduction, the different approaches to establishing coproductive work and their costs, and proposes some preliminary advice to help decide whenCoproduction is likely to be more or less useful.
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Evaluating patient and public involvement in research

TL;DR: If the authors are serious about involvement, the international community needs to be equally serious about evaluation.
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Preparing for patient partnership: A scoping review of patient partner engagement and evaluation in research.

TL;DR: Patient partnership in research requires a shift from patient participation in ancillary roles to engagement as contributing members of research teams, and impact is rarely measured.
References
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Book

Research methods knowledge base

TL;DR: The Research Methods Knowledge Base is a comprehensive web-based textbook that addresses all of the topics in a typical introductory undergraduate or graduate course in social research methods and uses an informal, conversational style to engage both the newcomer and the more experienced student of research.
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Lost in knowledge translation: time for a map?

TL;DR: The implications of knowledge translation for continuing education in the health professions include the need to base continuing education on the best available knowledge, the use of educational and other transfer strategies that are known to be effective, and the value of learning about planned‐action theories to be better able to understand and influence change in practice settings.
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Synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence: A review of possible methods:

TL;DR: An overview and critique of a selection of strategies for synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence, ranging from techniques that are largely qualitative and interpretive through to techniques that is largely quantitative and integrative.
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Patient And Family Engagement: A Framework For Understanding The Elements And Developing Interventions And Policies

TL;DR: The levels at which patient engagement can occur across the health care system are discussed, from the direct care setting to incorporating patient engagement into organizational design, governance, and policy making.
Journal ArticleDOI

Patient engagement in research: a systematic review

TL;DR: Patient engagement in healthcare research is likely feasible in many settings but can become tokenistic and research dedicated to identifying the best methods to achieve engagement is lacking and clearly needed.
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