Physical and Chemical Characteristics Affecting the Durability of Concrete

TLDR: In this paper, the molar concentration of those constituents that are susceptible to carbonation, porosity and pre-size distribution, degree of saturation of the pores, and effective diffusivity of gases through the concrete are determined analytically and/or experimentally in terms of the composition parameters and environmental condtions.

Abstract: The durability of reinforced concrete is influenced by those physical characteristics of concrete that control the diffusion of gases, such as CO2 and O2 or of liquids (mainly water) through its pores, and the diffusion of ions, such as Cl-, dissolved in the pore water. These physical characteristics depend on the composition of concrete, the chemical composition and type of cement, and the relative humidity and temperature of the environment. In the present paper, these characteristics of concrete are determined analytically and/or experimentally in terms of the composition parameters and environmental condtions; the molar concentration of those constituents that are susceptible to carbonation; the porosity and pre-size distribution; the degree of saturation of the pores; and effective diffusivity of gases through the concrete.