Q2. How many children were kept non-responsive due to refusal or inaccuracies?
Professional training of enumerators and repeated efforts tomake contact with all children kept “non-response” due to refusal or inaccuracies inmeasurement relatively low at an average of 15.4 percent for children of treatment age and10.6 percent for those in the control group.
Q3. How much did the program reduce the likelihood of severe stunting?
Aftercontrolling for exposure of the mother to nutritional support programs when a child was inutero, the authors find that 6 months of exposure to the program for children who are 12 months old atthe time of the survey reduced the likelihood of severe stunting by 1.2 percentage points,which corresponds to an 8.6 percent reduction in the probability of severe stunting.
Q4. What other organizations have played a role in delivering nutritional supplements to members of the community?
Other than working through the Posyanduand village midwives, the village women’s association (Program Kesejahteraan Keluarga, PKK)may have also played a role in delivering nutritional supplements to members of thecommunity.
Q5. What is the relationship between improving health and nutritional status and increased economic returns?
Improving health andnutritional status, on the other hand, is frequently associated with improvements in longer-term outcomes, including reduced likelihood of chronic disease, increases in educational attainment, and higher subsequent returns in the labor market.
Q6. What are the potential sources of bias?
The authors are concerned about two potential sources of bias: (1) the measureof community exposure to the PMT nutrition support program may proxy for other programsor such unobservables as village leader initiative; (2) the program may have influencedhousehold decisions, such as those related to in- or out-migration or fertility.
Q7. What did Onis et al (2007) find?
Onis et al (2007) note that the CDC used datasets from several years with no standardization of measurements across them, and thus the CDC standards were prone to have an artificially inflated variability.
Q8. What is the percentage of children in the control group who received benefits?
Given the low percentage of communities in which non-targeted groups (olderchildren and adults other than pregnant women) received benefits, the share of non-targetedchildren in the control group who were exposed to the program is likely to be negligible.
Q9. How many children under the age of 60 months were moved from extreme to severe stunting?
Using theIFLS 1997 survey round as the base year, their results suggest that the PMT program moved 87children under 60 months of age, and 18 under 24 months of age, from extreme stunting tostunting.
Q10. What is the relationship between coffee price and child health maintenance?
Miller and Urdinola (2010) find a procyclical relationship associated with coffee price fluctuations in Columbia, which is driven by a decline in the opportunity cost of providing time to child health maintenance when the price of coffee declines.
Q11. What is the interesting long-term measure of nutritional status in this study?
while the authors view height asthe most interesting long-term measure of nutritional status in this study, the authors found nosystematic effect of the program on weight for height or wasting.
Q12. What is the likely association of height with the PMT?
Height is most likely to be associated with duration of exposure to the PMT,particularly given that the PMT ended in some communities before the 2000 round of thesurvey was completed.
Q13. What is the link between malnutrition and poor health?
A growing number of studies establisha link between malnutrition during early childhood and slower physical growth, delayedmotor development, lower IQ, and low educational achievement.