Journal ArticleDOI
Radio Interferometric Test of the General Relativistic Light Bending Near the Sun
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In this paper, the authors used radio interferometry to measure the deflection of a radio source as it passed the sun, which is a separable combination of refraction in the coronal electron plasma and the general relativistic effect.Abstract:
We have used radio interferometry to measure the deflection of a radio source as it passed the sun. This deflection is a separable combination of refraction in the coronal electron plasma and the general relativistic effect. The observed deflection was ${1.04}_{\ensuremath{-}0.10}^{+0.15}$ times that predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity. The observation also yielded a reasonable value for the coronal electron density.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Massive and mass-less Yang-Mills and gravitational fields
H. van Dam,M.J.G. Veltman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of massive and mass-less theories with experiment, in particular the perihelion movement of Mercury, leads to the exclusion of the massive theory and it is concluded that the graviton mass must be rigorously zero.
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On ghost-free tensor lagrangians and linearized gravitation
TL;DR: In this paper, the most general linear Lagrangian for massless and massive tensor fields without ghosts and tachyons is determined, which is unique for tensors containing spin two.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shadows and strong gravitational lensing: a brief review
TL;DR: For ultra compact objects, light rings and fundamental photon orbits (FPOs) play a pivotal role in the theoretical analysis of strong gravitational lensing effects, and of BH shadows in particular as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Classical general relativity derived from quantum gravity
David G. Boulware,Stanley Deser +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the long-wavelength structure of quantum gravitation is the same as that of the classical Einstein action, without assuming the existence of an underlying tensor field.
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Inconsistency of finite range gravitation
David G. Boulware,S. Desser +1 more
TL;DR: Gravitational theories with arbitrarily large but finite range either violate basic physical requirements, do not limit to general relativity or both as discussed by the authors, and therefore do not satisfy the fundamental physical requirements of general relativity.