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Rationality and the Reflective Mind
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This book discusses Dual Process Theory, the current State of Play Properties of Type 1 and Type 2 Processing, and the Social Implications of Separating the Concepts of Intelligence and Rationality.Abstract:
Preface CHAPTER I: Dual-Process Theory and the Great Rationality Debate The Great Rationality Debate Individual Differences in the Great Rationality Debate Dual Process Theory: The Current State of Play Properties of Type 1 and Type 2 Processing Dual-Process Theory and Human Goals: Implications for the Rationality Debate The Rest of This Book: Complications in Dual Process Theory and Their Implications for the Concepts of Rationality and Intelligence CHAPTER II: Differentiating the Algorithmic Mind and the Reflective Mind Unpacking Type 2 Functioning Using Individual Differences Cognitive Ability and Thinking Dispositions Partition the Algorithmic and the Reflective Mind Intelligence Tests and Critical Thinking Tests Partition the Algorithmic from the Reflective Mind Thinking Dispositions as Independent Predictors of Rational Thought CHAPTER III: The Key Functions of the Reflective Mind and the Algorithmic Mind that Support Human Rationality So-Called "Executive Functioning" Measures Tap the Algorithmic Mind and Not the Reflective Mind CHAPTER IV: The Tri-Process Model and Serial Associative Cognition The Cognitive Miser and Focal Bias Converging Evidence in the Dual Process Literature CHAPTER V: The Master Rationality Motive and the Origins of the Nonautonomous Mind Metarepresentation and Higher-Order Preferences What Motivates the Search for Rational Integration? The Master Rationality Motive as a Psychological Construct Evolutionary Origins of the Master Rational Motive and Type 2 Processing CHAPTER VI: A Taxonomy of Rational Thinking Problems (with Richard F. West) Dual-Process Theory and Knowledge Structures The Preliminary Taxonomy Heuristics and Biases Tasks in Terms of the Taxonomy Multiply-Determined Problems of Rational Thought Missing Input from the Autonomous Mind CHAPTER VII: Intelligence as a Predictor of Performance on Heuristics and Biases Tasks (with Richard F. West) Intelligence and Classic Heuristics and Biases Effects Belief Bias and Myside Bias Why Thinking Biases Do and Do Not Associate with Cognitive Ability Cognitive Decoupling, Mindware Gaps, and Override Detection in Heuristics and Biases Tasks CHAPTER VIII: Rationality and Intelligence: Empirical and Theoretical Relationships and Implications for the Great Rationality Debate Intelligence and Rationality Associations in Terms of the Taxonomy Summary of the Relationships Individual Differences, the Reflective Mind, and the Great Rationality Debate Skepticism About Mindware-Caused Irrationalities CHAPTER IX: The Social Implications of Separating the Concepts of Intelligence and Rationality Broad Versus Narrow Concepts of Intelligence Intelligence Imperialism Intelligence Misidentified as Adaptation and the Deification of Intelligence Strategies for Cutting Intelligence Down to Size Society's Selection Mechanisms CHAPTER X: The Assessment of Rational Thought (with Richard F. West and Maggie E. Toplak) A Framework for the Assessment of Rational Thinking Operationalizing the Components of Rational Thought The Future of Research on Individual Differences in Rational Thought References Figures and Tablesread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition: Advancing the Debate
TL;DR: It is argued that the dual-processing distinction is supported by much recent evidence in cognitive science.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why Do Humans Reason? Arguments for an Argumentative Theory
Hugo Mercier,Dan Sperber +1 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis is that the function of reasoning is argumentative: It is to devise and evaluate arguments intended to persuade and is adaptive given the exceptional dependence of humans on communication and their vulnerability to misinformation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Renaissance of case research as a scientific method
Mikko Ketokivi,Thomas Y. Choi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe three distinct methodological accounts of case study: theory generation, theory testing, and theory elaboration, and argue that each approach has its own idiosyncrasies, in particular when it comes to the interplay between theory and empirics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Practitioner Review: Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct?
TL;DR: It was concluded that performance-based and rating measures of executive function assess different underlying mental constructs, namely, the efficiency of cognitive abilities and success in goal pursuit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRT is a more potent predictor of performance on a wide sample of tasks from the heuristics-and-biases literature than measures of cognitive ability, thinking dispositions, and executive functioning.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Distinguishing the reflective, algorithmic, and autonomous minds: Is it time for a tri-process theory?
TL;DR: In a recent book (Stanovich, 2004), this article, the implications of dual process theory for the great rationality debate in cognitive science were discussed, first by discussing additions and complications to dual-process theory, and then by working through the implication of these ideas for our view of human rationality.