Practitioner Review: Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct?
TLDR
It was concluded that performance-based and rating measures of executive function assess different underlying mental constructs, namely, the efficiency of cognitive abilities and success in goal pursuit.Abstract:
Background: Both performance-based and rating measures are commonly used to index executive function in clinical and neuropsychological assessments. They are intended to index the same broad underlying mental construct of executive function. The association between these two types of measures was investigated in the current article.
Method and Results: We examined the association between performance-based and rating measures of executive function in 20 studies. These studies included 13 child and 7 adult samples, which were derived from 7 clinical, 2 nonclinical, and 11 combined clinical and nonclinical samples. Only 68 (24%) of the 286 relevant correlations reported in these studies were statistically significant, and the overall median correlation was only .19.
Conclusions: It was concluded that performance-based and rating measures of executive function assess different underlying mental constructs. We discuss how these two types of measures appear to capture different levels of cognition, namely, the efficiency of cognitive abilities and success in goal pursuit. Clinical implications of using performance-based and rating measures of executive function are discussed, including the use of these measures in assessing ADHD.read more
Citations
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Neuropsychology Mental Structure
TL;DR: The authors consider specifically the neuropathological substrate on which are based the defective memory, ocular motor signs, the ataxia, the global confusional state and the occasional disturbance of olfactory and gustatory function and discuss the relationship between Wernicke's disease and Korsakoff's psychosis.
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Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
TL;DR: It is concluded that behavioral parent training, behavioral classroom management, and behavioral peer interventions are well-established treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches.
TL;DR: This work reviews the current state of knowledge of EF impairments associated with psychopathology and limitations to the previous research in light of recent advances in understanding and measuring EF and offers concrete suggestions for improving EF assessment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updated European Consensus Statement on Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult ADHD
J.J.S. Kooij,Denise Bijlenga,Luana Salerno,R. Jaeschke,István Bitter,Judit Balazs,Johannes Thome,Geert Dom,Siegfried Kasper,C. Nunes Filipe,S. Stes,Pavel Mohr,Sami Leppämäki,Miguel Casas,Julio Bobes,Jane McCarthy,V. Richarte,A. Kjems Philipsen,Artemios Pehlivanidis,Asko Niemelä,B. Styr,Bengi Semerci,Blanca Bolea-Alamanac,D. Edvinsson,D. Baeyens,Dora Wynchank,E. Sobanski,Alexandra Philipsen,Fiona McNicholas,Hervé Caci,Ilinca Mihailescu,Iris Manor,Iuliana Dobrescu,T. Saito,Johanna Krause,John Fayyad,Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga,K. Foeken,Florina Rad,Marios Adamou,Martin D. Ohlmeier,Michael Fitzgerald,Michael Gill,Michael B. Lensing,N. Motavalli Mukaddes,P. Brudkiewicz,Peik Gustafsson,Pekka Tani,P. Oswald,Pieter-Jan Carpentier,P. De Rossi,Richard Delorme,S. Markovska Simoska,Stefano Pallanti,S. Young,Susanne Bejerot,T. Lehtonen,James Kustow,U. Müller-Sedgwick,Tatja Hirvikoski,V. Pironti,Ylva Ginsberg,Z. Félegyházy,M.P. García-Portilla,P. Asherson +64 more
TL;DR: This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated, to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relations between inhibitory control and the development of academic skills in preschool and kindergarten: a meta-analysis.
TL;DR: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that there are preferred methods for assessing IC that should be considered when examining the relations between IC and academic skills in young children.
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