Journal ArticleDOI
Reconstructing Summer Temperatures in Northern Fennoscandinavia Back to A.D. 1700 Using Tree-Ring Data from Scots Pine
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In this article, the authors make estimates of mean July-August temperatures for northern Fennoscandinavia using ring width and maximum latewood density chronologies of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) as predictors.Abstract:
Estimates of mean July-August temperatures for northern Fennoscandinavia are made back to 1700 using ring width and maximum latewood density chronologies of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) as predictors. Several prediction models are used and the best results are achieved with a simple two-variable model where climate in year t is estimated as a function of tree growth in years t and t+ 1 at each site. The best reconstruction equation accounts for 56?7o of the temperature variance over a 74-yr fitting period and 45% of the variance over a 39-yr independent verification period. Relatively short-period variability (periods < 10 yr) is better reproduced in the reconstruction than is that at longer wavelengths. The reconstruction indicates that generally cool conditions prevailed across northern Fennoscandinavia around 1716-1724, 1777-1784, 1809-1818, and 1833-1842. Warm periods are reconstructed around 1766-1775 and 1788-1799 and particularly from 1826 to 1831.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A 1,400-year tree-ring record of summer temperatures in Fennoscandia
Keith R. Briffa,Thomas Seip Bartholin,D. Eckstein,Philip Jones,Wibjörn Karlén,F.H. Schweingruber,Pentti Zetterberg +6 more
TL;DR: This article used tree-ring data to reconstruct the mean summer (April-August) temperature of northern Fennoscandia for each year from AD 500 to the present, and showed that any summer warming induced by greenhouse gases may not be detectable in this region until after 2030.
Book ChapterDOI
Dendroecology: A Tool for Evaluating Variations in Past and Present Forest Environments
TL;DR: The principles and practices of dendroecology—namely, uniformitarianism, limiting factors, crossdating, standardization, variance of the mean and the signal-to-noise ratio, sample replication, tree and site selection, calibration and verification, and modeling are essentially the fundamental framework for understanding the discipline of dendsense.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial regression methods in dendroclimatology: a review and comparison of two techniques
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare Orthogonal Spatial Regression (OSR) and Canonical Regression(CR) for reconstructing tree-ring and climate networks from western Europe and eastern North America.
BookDOI
Growth Trends in European Forests
TL;DR: Spiecl et al. as mentioned in this paper found that the main factors leading to a 44% increase in the total growth of Finnish forests during the last four decades are changes in stand structures and silvicultural practices (regeneration, thinnings, drainage, fertilization).
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric and environmental effects of the 1783-1784 Laki eruption: A review and reassessment
TL;DR: The 1783-1784 Laki flood lava eruption in Iceland emitted ∼122 megatons (Mt) SO2 into the atmosphere and maintained a sulfuric aerosol veil that hung over the Northern Hemisphere for >5 months.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles☆
J.E. Nash,J.V. Sutcliffe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the principles governing the application of the conceptual model technique to river flow forecasting are discussed and the necessity for a systematic approach to the development and testing of the model is explained and some preliminary ideas suggested.
Book
Tree Rings and Climate
TL;DR: In this paper, a summary of basic dendrochronology, especially its application to Beams from these activities that various statistical methods such as they are covered, is given.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Average Value of Correlated Time Series, with Applications in Dendroclimatology and Hydrometeorology
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived formulas for the correlation coefficient between the average of a finite number of time series and the population average, where the subsample signal strength (SSS) and expressed population signal (EPS) were derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Northern Hemisphere Surface Air Temperature Variations: 1851–1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a new compilation of monthly mean surface air temperature for the Northern Hemisphere for 1851-1984 is presented based on land-based meteorological station data and fixed-position weather ship data.