Journal ArticleDOI
Root Development of Nitrogen Catch Crops and of a Succeeding Crop of Broccoli
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TLDR
Broccoli showed a significantly higher root density in the subsoil when grown after narrow-leaved lupin and lower after winter rape than where no catch crop had been grown, the main reason for these differences appeared to be the distribution of mineral nitrogen in the soil.Abstract:
The root development of seven catch crop species, and of a broccoli crop following catch crops, was followed by a minirhizotron technique. Large differences in root growth patterns were found among the catch crops. Fodder radish already had a rooting depth of 112 cm 49 days after sowing, whereas Italian ryegrass did not reach this depth until 175 days after sowing. The catch crops with a fast establishment of deep rooting also reduced the mineral nitrogen content in the subsoil most. Broccoli showed a significantly higher root density in the subsoil when grown after narrow-leaved lupin and lower after winter rape than where no catch crop had been grown. The main reason for these differences appeared to be the distribution of mineral nitrogen in the soil.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Catch crops and green manures as biological tools in nitrogen management in temperate zones
TL;DR: New knowledge of catch crops and green manures is discussed to understand why the effects obtained by catch crops are so variable, and how it can be used to develop strategies which will improve the results obtained from catch crop and green manure, and to make them more predictable.
Book ChapterDOI
Agronomic and environmental implications of organic farming systems.
Elizabeth A. Stockdale,Nicolas Lampkin,Malla Hovi,R. Keatinge,Lennartsson Ekm.,D. W. Macdonald,Susanne Padel,F. H. Tattersall,Martin Wolfe,Christine A. Watson +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, Stockdale, E. A., Lampkin, N. K., Macdonald, D. W., Padel, S., Tattersall, F. S., Watson, C. A.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are differences in root growth of nitrogen catch crops important for their ability to reduce soil nitrate-N content, and how can this be measured?
TL;DR: The results show that to identify the important differences in root growth among catch crops, root growth must be measured in deep soil layers, and none of the measurements made aboveground or in the upper soil layers were well related to subsoil nitrate depletion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature responses of roots: impact on growth, root system architecture and implications for phenotyping.
Kerstin A. Nagel,Bernd Kastenholz,Siegfried Jahnke,Dagmar van Dusschoten,Til Aach,Matthias Mühlich,Daniel Truhn,Hanno Scharr,Stefan Terjung,Stefan Terjung,Achim Walter,Ulrich Schurr +11 more
TL;DR: The value of combining different phenotyping technologies that analyse processes at different spatial and temporal scales is demonstrated and novel routes may be opened up for improved plant breeding as well as for mechanistic understanding of root structure and function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is there an optimal root architecture for nitrate capture in leaching environments
TL;DR: These simulations showed that the root architecture likely to maximize nitrate capture from sandy soils (under the Mediterranean rainfall pattern experienced in Western Australia) is one that quickly produces a high density of roots in the top-soil early in the season, thereby reducing total nitrate leached with opening season rains, but also has vigorous taproot growth, enabling access to deep-stored water and leached nitrate later in theSeason.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of the effects of a localised supply of phosphate, nitrate, ammonium and potassium on the growth of the seminal root system, and the shoot, in barley
TL;DR: The experiments show that adequate external concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus are required by any part of the root system for optimal growth of laterals, but not axes, and possible mechanisms which compensate shoot growth when nutrients are supplied to only part of a root system, and agronomic implications are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Penetration of very strong soils by seedling roots of different plant species
TL;DR: It is shown that soil strength reduced the elongation of roots of all plant species by over 90% and caused the diameters of the roots to increase compared with control plants grown in vermiculite (0 MPa resistance).
Journal ArticleDOI
Water relations of winter wheat: 1. Growth of the root system
TL;DR: In this article, the root root length and root dry weight with depth and time were investigated for a commercially grown crop of Maris Huntsman winter wheat and root growth was reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
The growth and activity of winter wheat roots in the field: the effect of sowing date and soil type on root growth of high-yielding crops
P. B. Barraclough,Roger A. Leigh +1 more
TL;DR: The relationship between grain yield and the amount of root at anthesis was investigated and total root length was positively correlated with grain yield but nonetheless similarly yielding crops could have different-sized root systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Root Observations Using A Video Recording System In Mini-Rhizotrons1
Dan R. Upchurch,Joe T. Ritchie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an extendible, 13 mm diam borescope, a low light, monochrome video camera, and a video tape recorder were combined into a system for in situ root observation through 51 mm inside diam clear acrylic tubes installed at an angle 30° from vertical.