Journal ArticleDOI
Schizophrenic performance when distractors are present: attentional deficit or differential task difficulty?
Thomas F. Oltmanns,John M. Neale +1 more
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TLDR
The finding that the decrement in schizophrenic performance is significantly greater in the distractor condition is significant and may be central to the understanding of the disorder.Abstract:
Studies purporting to demonstrate an attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia have usually compared the performance of patient and control subjects in both a neutral and a distractor condition (e.g., Lawson, McGhie, & Chapman, 1967; Rappaport, 1967). Schizophrenics typically perform less adequately than the controls in both conditions. This result alone is not particularly surprising given the general inefficiency of schizophrenic s. More important is the finding that the decrement in schizophrenic performance is significantly greater in the distractor condition. This differential deficit has been taken to mean that the specific ability mediating performance on the distractor task (i.e., attention) is a particularly important area of loss, and one that may be central to our understanding of the disorder.read more
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The relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional outcomes in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.
Anne-Kathrin Fett,Wolfgang Viechtbauer,Maria de Gracia Dominguez,David L. Penn,Jim van Os,Lydia Krabbendam +5 more
TL;DR: Overall, social cognition was more strongly associated with community functioning than neurocognition, with the strongest associations being between theory of mind and functional outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Context, cortex, and dopamine: a connectionist approach to behavior and biology in schizophrenia.
TL;DR: A disturbance in the internal representation of contextual information can provide a common explanation for schizophrenic deficits in several attention- and language-related tasks and shows that these behavioral deficits may arise from a disturbance in a model parameter corresponding to the neuromodulatory effects of dopamine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Information Processing and Attentional Functioning in the Developmental Course of Schizophrenic Disorders
TL;DR: The evidence that certain deficits in information processing and attentional functioning are present across populations at risk for schizophrenic disorder, with active schizophrenic psychotic symptomatology, and in relative remission after a schizophrenic psychosis is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Context-processing deficits in schizophrenia: converging evidence from three theoretically motivated cognitive tasks.
TL;DR: The results suggest an accentuation of deficits in patients with schizophrenia in context-sensitive conditions and cross-task correlations of performance in these conditions, but the results do not definitively eliminate the possibility of a generalized deficit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting Schizophrenia Patients’ Real-World Behavior with Specific Neuropsychological and Functional Capacity Measures
Christopher R. Bowie,Christopher R. Bowie,Winnie W. Leung,Winnie W. Leung,Winnie W. Leung,Abraham Reichenberg,Margaret M. McClure,Margaret M. McClure,Margaret M. McClure,Thomas L. Patterson,Robert K. Heaton,Philip D. Harvey,Philip D. Harvey +12 more
TL;DR: This study examined the different predictive relationships between NP domains, functional competence, social competence, symptoms, and real-world behavior in domains of work skills, interpersonal relationships, and community activities.
References
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Journal Article
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information
TL;DR: The theory of information as discussed by the authors provides a yardstick for calibrating our stimulus materials and for measuring the performance of our subjects and provides a quantitative way of getting at some of these questions.
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The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information
TL;DR: The theory provides us with a yardstick for calibrating the authors' stimulus materials and for measuring the performance of their subjects, and the concepts and measures provided by the theory provide a quantitative way of getting at some of these questions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disorders of attention and perception in early schizophrenia.
Andrew McGHIE,James Chapman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the development of a hypothesis relating to early schizophrenia and outline a proposed method of investigation to test the validity of the theory advanced, which is observed to lie in an impairment of ego functions, particularly in the process of perception.