Sedation during spinal anaesthesia: comparison of propofol and midazolam
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TLDR
Immediate recovery, as judged by ability to open eyes and recall date of birth, was significantly more rapid following propofol and restoration of higher mental function was significantly faster following Propofol, measured by choice reaction time and critical flicker fusion threshold.Abstract:
Propofol and midazolam were compared in 40 patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia. An infusion of either 1% propofol or 0.1% midazolam was given at a rate adjusted to maintain a similar level of sedation. The mean time to reach this required level was similar in both groups. Quality and ease of control of sedation were good in all patients. A mean infusion rate of 3.63 mg kg−1 h−1 was required for propofol and 0.26 mg kg−1 h−1 for midazolam. Immediate recovery, as judged by ability to open eyes and recall date of birth, was significantly more rapid following propofol (Pread more
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Propofol. An update of its use in anaesthesia and conscious sedation.
TL;DR: Accumulating clinical experience in cardiac and neurosurgery suggests that the full potential of propofol has yet to be realised, and the relative benefits of prop ofol compared with the newer volatile agents (desflurane and sevoflurane) and Propofol/volatile agent combinations need to be examined in this clinical setting.
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Update on bispectral index monitoring.
TL;DR: BIS technology is moving out of the operating room and into diverse environments where conscious and deep sedation are provided, and anesthesiologists need to be actively involved in promoting patient safety and helping transition this technology into broader use.
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Daily and seasonal variation in response to stress in captive starlings (Sturnus vulgaris): corticosterone.
TL;DR: Although stress- induced glucose levels showed no circadiel rhythm, the stress-induced elevation of glucose above baseline showed a significant daily rhythm, indicating that stress elevated plasma glucose levels only during the scotophase in all three seasons.
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Bispectral index monitoring during sedation with sevoflurane, midazolam, and propofol.
TL;DR: Individual BIS scores demonstrate significant variability, making it difficult to predict sedation Depth, and the relation between BIS and sedation depth may not be independent of anesthetic agent.
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Effect of Nitrous Oxide on Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Hippocampal Cultures
Steven Mennerick,Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic,Slobodan M. Todorovic,Weixing Shen,John W. Olney,Charles F. Zorumski +5 more
TL;DR: It is found that N2O inhibits both NMDA and non-NMDA receptor-mediated responses to exogenous agonist, and the effects of N2o on synaptic transmission are confined to postsynaptic targets.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Psychomotor Function and Psychoactive Drugs
TL;DR: A cursory review of the literature reveals that the techniques used to assess psychomotor functions are diverse, often complex, frequently insensitive to drug induced changes and sometimes inconvenient to enact or replicate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Propofol for intravenous sedation
N. Mackenzie,I. S. Grant +1 more
TL;DR: This study investigated the properties of propofol when given by subanaesthetic infusion to provide sedation as an adjunct to spinal anaesthesia for lower limb surgery in 40 patients and found it satisfactory and maintained with minimal complications.
Journal ArticleDOI
HAEMODYNAMIC AND HEART RATE REFLEX RESPONSES TO PROPOFOL IN THE RABBIT Comparison with Althesin
TL;DR: The relative preservation of baroreceptor reflex responses, and the reduction in TPR by a reduction of resting constrictor tone, suggest propofol may have significant clinical advantages when used as a sedative infusion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of sedative infusions during local and regional anesthesia - a comparison of midazolam and propofol
J. B. Negus,P. F. White +1 more
TL;DR: Propofol infusion is a clinically useful alternative to midazolam for sedation during ambulatory surgery under local or regional anesthesia and is associated with less postoperative sedation, drowsiness, confusion, clumsiness, and amnesia, as well as more rapid recovery of cognitive function.
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