Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning
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Collins, Brown, and Newman as mentioned in this paper argue that knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used, and propose cognitive apprenticeship as an alternative to conventional practices.Abstract:
Many teaching practices implicitly assume that conceptual knowledge can be abstracted from the situations in which it is learned and used. This article argues that this assumption inevitably limits the effectiveness of such practices. Drawing on recent research into cognition as it is manifest in everyday activity, the authors argue that knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used. They discuss how this view of knowledge affects our understanding of learning, and they note that conventional schooling too often ignores the influence of school culture on what is learned in school. As an alternative to conventional practices, they propose cognitive apprenticeship (Collins, Brown, & Newman, in press), which honors the situated nature of knowledge. They examine two examples of mathematics instruction that exhibit certain key features of this approach to teaching.read more
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Cross‐Cultural Paradoxes in a Profession of Values
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Contradictions in Theorizing and Implementing Communities in Education.
Wolff-Michael Roth,Yew-Jin Lee +1 more
TL;DR: In the early 1990s, an increasing number of educators and researchers embraced sociocultural learning concepts such as "communities of practice, communities of learners, and knowledge-building communities" as mentioned in this paper.
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The conceptual nature of knowledge, situations, and activity
TL;DR: Situated action can be viewed as a psychological theory about the dynamic relation of conceiving and acting; and as a social theory about activity as social choreography as discussed by the authors, and the difference between tasks and activities suggests new ways for using computers to facilitate work and learning.
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Clustering of health-related behaviors and their determinants: possible consequences for school health interventions.
TL;DR: This systematic review aims to identify to what extent the four health-related behaviors smoking, alcohol abuse, safe sex and healthy nutrition cluster; and how their determinants are associated.
References
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Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation
Jeanne Lave,Etienne Wenger +1 more
TL;DR: This work has shown that legitimate peripheral participation in communities of practice is not confined to midwives, tailors, quartermasters, butchers, non-drinking alcoholics and the like.
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Reciprocal Teaching of Comprehension-Fostering and Comprehension-Monitoring Activities
TL;DR: In this article, two instructional studies directed at the comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities of seventh grade poor comprehenders are reported, and the training method was that of reciprocal teaching, where the tutor and students took turns leading a dialogue centered on pertinent features of the text.
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Cognitive Apprenticeship: Teaching the Craft of Reading, Writing and Mathematics
TL;DR: This paper proposes the development of a new cognitive apprenticeship to teach students the thinking and problem-solving skills involved in school subjects such as reading, writing and mathematics.