Some geographical aspects of african land‐locked states1

TLDR: The upsurge of anti-colonialism, loosely called "nationalism," in Africa since the end of World War II has given birth to many newly independent states and has notably increased the number of those which lack sea coasts.

Abstract: The upsurge of anti-colonialism, loosely called “nationalism,'’in Africa since the end of World War II has given birth to many newly independent states and has notably increased the number of those which lack sea coasts. Although African landlocked states have much in common with African coastal states, their economic difficulties are aggravated by their greater distance from seaports. They differ, too, from one another in their constitutions, in their experiences as colonies, in areal extent, in population numbers, and in stages of economic development. The land-locked states, however, are exposed to possible ill will of their better placed neighbors and, in so far as this may arise, the Organization of African Unity will be put to the test. Nevertheless, the present special difficulties of the land-locked African states arise not so much from their need to acquire access to the sea and world markets (for this has been accorded to them by bilateral agreements) as from the need to overcome their ...