Journal ArticleDOI
Sources of mortality for a cynipid gall-wasp (Dryocosmus dubiosus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)): The importance of the Tannin/Fungus interaction.
TLDR
Of the factors investigated, it was found that leaf tannin level had the strongest influence on the degree of fungal infestation, and fungal infestation is lowest in regions of high Leaf tannins.Abstract:
Emergence success was determined for 1300 galls of the cynipid waspDryocosmus dubiosus. Galls were collected throughout a single host tree (a California coast live oakQuercus agrifolia). Each gall was reared individually in small gelatin capsules. For each gall data was recorded on 17 parameters characterizing hyperparasitism, fungal infestation, leaf tannin levels, inter- and intraspecific competition, and spatial position within the tree. Using contingency table analysis and logistic regression, we determined that the most significant factors influencing the success ofD. dubiosus galls are 1) fungal infestation and 2) chalcid hyperparasitism, both having negative effects. Of the factors investigated we found that leaf tannin level had the strongest influence on the degree of fungal infestation. Fungal infestation, in turn, is lowest in regions of high leaf tannins.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Fungal Endophytes in Stems and Leaves: From Latent Pathogen to Mutualistic Symbiont
TL;DR: It is surmised that endophytes may be as common among plants as are mycorrhyzae, and inducible mutualists grow rapidly and produce toxins against herbivores when damaged host tissues provide new sites for infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenolics in ecological interactions: The importance of oxidation.
TL;DR: It is argued that physicochemical conditions of the environment that control phenolic oxidation generate variation in ecological activity and that experiments must be designed with conditions appropriate to the biochemical mode of phenolic action.
Book ChapterDOI
Herbivores and Plant Tannins
TL;DR: The chapter concludes with an overview and summary of potential roles of tannins in plants other than defensive activity against herbivores, and suggestions for research needs.
Journal ArticleDOI
The adaptive significance of insect gall distribution: survivorship of species in xeric and mesic habitats
TL;DR: There was a tendency towards lower mortality and consequently higher survival for populations inhabiting xeric habitats and reduced mortality caused by natural enemies and endophytic fungi has contributed to the speciation and radiation of galling insects in apparently harsh environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
The chemical composition of plant galls : are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former?
TL;DR: The results of these studies suggest that the levels of nutrients and secondary compounds in gall tissue are usually markedly different to those of surrounding plant tissue, and that gall-formers may produce species-specific and temporally variable changes in the chemical composition of gall tissue.
References
More filters
Book
Discrete multivariate analysis: theory and practice
TL;DR: Discrete Multivariate Analysis is a comprehensive text and general reference on the analysis of discrete multivariate data, particularly in the form of multidimensional tables, and contains a wealth of material on important topics.
Book
The analysis of cross-classified categorical data
TL;DR: The second edition has been updated and revised, with more emphasis on logic and logistic response properties and on the small-sample behavior of chi-square statistics as mentioned in this paper, and includes 40 to 50 new problems with most having separate data sheets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars
Paul Feeny,Paul Feeny +1 more
TL;DR: The content of oak leaf tannins, which inhibit the growth of winter moth larvae, increases during the summer and may render leaves less suitable for insect growth by further reducing the availability of nitrogen and perhaps also by influencing leaf palatability.
Book
A primer of multivariate statistics
TL;DR: A Primer of Multivariate Statistics as discussed by the authors provides a model of balance between how-to and why, with a focus on the importance of describing and testing one's interpretations of the emergent variables that are produced by multivariate analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Analysis of Cross-Classified Categorical Data
A. Stuart,Stephen E. Fienberg +1 more
TL;DR: The second edition has been updated and revised, with more emphasis on logic and logistic response properties and on the small-sample behavior of chi-square statistics.
Related Papers (5)
Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars
Paul Feeny,Paul Feeny +1 more