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Spinal and far-field components of human somatosensory evoked potentials to posterior tibial nerve stimulation analysed with oesophageal derivations and non-cephalic reference recording

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TLDR
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were elicited by stimulation of the right posterior tibial nerve at the ankle in 20 experiments on 18 normal adults and several positive far fields with widespread scalp distribution and stationary latencies have been identified.
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This article is published in Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology.The article was published on 1983-12-01 and is currently open access. It has received 149 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Somatosensory evoked potential & Spinal cord.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

A method of monitoring function in corticospinal pathways during scoliosis surgery with a note on motor conduction velocities.

TL;DR: Spinal cord potentials produced by high voltage electrical stimulation of the scalp over the motor cortex were recorded intraoperatively from bipolar electrodes inserted into the epidural space of patients undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis to be a useful adjunct to conventional monitoring of the sensory pathways during surgery.
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Color imaging of parietal and frontal somatosensory potential fields evoked by stimulation of median or posterior tibial nerve in man

TL;DR: Somatosensory evoked potentials to median or fingers or posterior tibial nerve stimulation were recorded with earlobe reference in normal young adults with characteristic focal distribution suggesting that they reflected one or more generators in cortical areas.
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Principles and pitfalls of nerve conduction studies.

TL;DR: The fundamental principles and the changing concepts of nerve stimulation techniques are reviewed, and the proper application of these techniques in the differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve disorders are discussed.
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Characterizing the Cortical Activity through Which Pain Emerges from Nociception

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the N1 wave represents an early stage of sensory processing related to the ascending nociceptive input, whereas the N2 and P2 waves represent a later stage of processing related, directly or indirectly, to the perceptual outcome of this nocICEptive input.
References
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Central somatosensory conduction in man: neural generators and interpeak latencies of the far-field components recorded from neck and right or left scalp and earlobes.

TL;DR: Early somatosensory evoked potential components to median nerve or finger stimulation were recorded with non-cephalic references in normal young adults to identify spinal entry time with the onset of the neck N11 or scalp P11 and suggest that FF3-FF4 are generated in medial lemniscus rather than above the thalamus.
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Non-cephalic reference recording of early somatosensory potentials to finger stimulation in adult or aging normal man: differentiation of widespread N18 and contralateral N20 from the prerolandic P22 and N30 components.

TL;DR: The changes associated with normal aging have been confirmed and extended and a new widespread component N18 was identified and shown to be generated below the cortex.
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Prevertebral (oesophageal) recording of subcortical somatosensory evoked potentials in man: the spinal P13 component and the dual nature of the spinal generators.

TL;DR: The use of 14 simultaneous recordings including a series of pre- and post-vertebral electrodes clearly identified two distinct generators for the spinal SEP components to median nerve stimulation: a presynaptic generator which ascends the dorsal column (N 11 ) and a postsynaptic fixed generator in the dorsal horn of the cervical spinal cord (N 13 -P 13).
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Spinal evoked response: peripheral nerve stimulation in man.

TL;DR: In 3 patients with spinal cord lesions clinically judged to be complete, responses caudal to the lesion were similar to those recorded in normal subjects, consistent with the interpretation that these potentials arise in the dorsal roots of the cauda equina and in spinal cord afferent pathways.
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Neural generators of N18 and P14 far-field somatosensory evoked potentials studied in patients with lesion of thalamus or thalamo-cortical radiations

TL;DR: It is proposed that N18 reflects several deeply located generators in brain stem and/or thalamus whereas N20 represents the earliest cortical response of the contralateral post-central receiving areas.
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