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State of the art of nanocrystals--special features, production, nanotoxicology aspects and intracellular delivery

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TLDR
Drug nanocrystals are the latest, broadly introduced nanoparticulate carrier to the pharmaceutical market from the year 2000 onwards and the effect of size, degradability versus biopersistency and intracellular uptake are discussed, classifying the nanocry crystals in the low/non-risk group.
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This article is published in European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics.The article was published on 2011-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 559 citations till now.

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Enhanced bioavailability of danazol nanosuspensions by wet milling and high-pressure homogenization

TL;DR: The results suggest that the preparation of nanosuspensions by wet milling or high-pressure homogenization is a promising approach to formulate new drugs or to reformulate existing drugs with poorly water-soluble properties.
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Fabrication and Characterization of Gliclazide Nanocrystals.

TL;DR: Increase in the dissolution of nanocrystals compared to pure gliclazide and significant reduction in blood glucose level in vivo indicated better bioavailability of the nanocry crystals, and it was concluded that nanocrystal technology can be a promising tool to improve solubility and hence dissolution of a hydrophobic drug.
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Size-Dependent Biological Effects of Quercetin Nanocrystals

TL;DR: It was proven that NCs could dramatically enhance the anticancer efficacy of QE at the cellular level and particle size had a considerable influence on the dissolution behavior and antitumor effects of NCs.
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Cryochemically Obtained Nanoforms of Antimicrobial Drug Substance Dioxidine and Their Physico-chemical and Structural Properties

TL;DR: In this paper, the antimicrobial drug substance 2,3-bis-(hydroxymethyl) quinoxaline-N,N′-dioxide with particles sizes between 50 and 300 nm were obtained by cryochemical modification of the initial pharmaceutical substance using a freeze-drying technique and were characterized by different physicochemical methods (FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, DSC, TG and X-ray diffraction).
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Highly Water-Soluble Orotic Acid Nanocrystals Produced by High-Energy Milling.

TL;DR: Orotic acid freeze-dried nanocrystal formulations (FA, FB, and FC) were developed by using the high-energy milling method allowing untapped the versatile potential of this drug substance candidate.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A Theoretical Basis for a Biopharmaceutic Drug Classification: The Correlation of in Vitro Drug Product Dissolution and in Vivo Bioavailability

TL;DR: A biopharmaceutics drug classification scheme for correlating in vitro drug product dissolution and in vivo bioavailability is proposed based on recognizing that drug dissolution and gastrointestinal permeability are the fundamental parameters controlling rate and extent of drug absorption.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nanosuspensions in drug delivery

TL;DR: Water insolubility issues of the past have provoked a paradigm change, which now offers novel solutions for innovative drugs of the future, and additional pharmacokinetic benefits of the drugs so formulated have come to be appreciated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nanosizing: a formulation approach for poorly-water-soluble compounds.

TL;DR: NanoCrystal Technology is an attrition process wherein large micron size drug crystals are media milled in a water-based stabilizer solution and the process generates physically stable dispersions consisting of nanometer-sized drug crystals.
Patent

Surface modified drug nanoparticles

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe methods for the preparation of such particles and dispersions containing the particles and demonstrate that such particles exhibit unexpected bioavailability and are useful in methods of treating mammals.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cyclodextrins in drug delivery: an updated review.

TL;DR: Cyclodextrins, because of their continuing ability to find several novel applications in drug delivery, are expected to solve many problems associated with the delivery of different novel drugs through different delivery routes.
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Q1. What are the contributions in this paper?

Drug nanocrystals are the latest, broadly introduced nanoparticulate carrier to the pharmaceutical market from the year 2000 onwards. As nanotoxicological aspects, the effect of size, degradability versus biopersistency and intracellular uptake are discussed, classifying the nanocrystals in the low/non-risk group.