Journal ArticleDOI
Sudden losses and negative appraisal in people with severe mental illness.
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Analysis of data from 371 community mental health clients diagnosed with a severe mental illness revealed that negative appraisals of the self and the world correlated significantly with posttraumatic stress symptoms, and distress from losses accounted for the greatest amount of variance in post traumatic stress symptoms of the 6 traumas tested.Abstract:
Research on the impact of sudden or unexpected losses in people with severe mental illness is scarce. The purpose of our study was to examine the relationship between subjective distress from sudden losses in people with severe mental illness and posttraumatic stress symptoms while controlling for gender, psychiatric symptoms, and negative appraisals. As part of routine care, treatment personnel collected data from 371 community mental health clients diagnosed with a severe mental illness. Hierarchical linear regression revealed that negative appraisals of the self and the world correlated significantly with posttraumatic stress symptoms, and distress from losses accounted for the greatest amount of variance in posttraumatic stress symptoms of the 6 traumas tested. When examined by diagnostic group, only those with schizophrenia spectrum disorder showed a significant association between distress from sudden losses and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Relative to other factors including symptoms of severe mental illness, distress from sudden losses in people with severe mental illness appears to be strongly associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms.read more
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Reliability and validity
TL;DR: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs?
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The Relationship between maladaptive appraisals and posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis
Georgina Gómez de La Cuesta,Susanne Schweizer,Julia Diehle,Judith Young,Richard Meiser-Stedman +4 more
TL;DR: A large effect size was found for the relationship between appraisals and PTSD in trauma-exposed adult and child populations and the role of self-appraisals in adults was highlighted, consistent with the strong role for maladaptive appraisal in the aetiology of PTSD proposed by cognitive models.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.
TL;DR: Progress in estimating age-at-onset distributions, cohort effects, and the conditional probabilities of PTSD from different types of trauma will require future epidemiologic studies to assess PTSD for all lifetime traumas rather than for only a small number of retrospectively reported "most serious" traumAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder
Anke Ehlers,David M. Clark +1 more
TL;DR: A cognitive model of persistence of PTSD is proposed that is consistent with the main clinical features of PTSD, helps explain several apparently puzzling phenomena and provides a framework for treatment by identifying three key targets for change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the psychometric properties of two versions of the PTSD Sympton Scale (PSS) and found that the interview version yielded high interrater agreement when administrated separately by two interviewers and excellent convergent validity with the SCID.
Journal Article
Reliability and validity
TL;DR: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs?
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