Showing papers in "Behaviour Research and Therapy in 2000"

TL;DR: A cognitive model of persistence of PTSD is proposed that is consistent with the main clinical features of PTSD, helps explain several apparently puzzling phenomena and provides a framework for treatment by identifying three key targets for change.

TL;DR: This study evaluated an adaptation of a recently developed anxiety measure revised to correspond to dimensions of several DSM-IV anxiety disorders as well as major depression, resulting in an item set and factor definitions that demonstrated structure consistent with DSM- IV anxiety disorders and depression.

TL;DR: Patients with generalized social phobia were more likely to interpret ambiguous social events in a negative fashion and to catastrophize in response to unambiguous, mildly negative social events.

TL;DR: The results suggest that in patients with social phobia, early unpleasant experiences may lead to the development of excessively negative images of their social selves that are repeatedly activated in subsequent social situations and fail to update in the light of subsequent, more favourable experiences.

TL;DR: Cognitive processes hypothesized to contribute to biases in judgments about and memory for social events: self-focused attention, post-event rumination, and anticipatory processing indicated that selective attention to negative self-related information led to bias in social judgments and recollections and that post- event processing contributed to the recall of negativeSelf- related information.

TL;DR: An investigation of links between clinical symptoms and responsibility beliefs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and patients suffering from other anxiety disorders and in non-clinical controls indicates considerable specificity in the association between responsibility cognitions and obsessional symptoms across groups.

TL;DR: The results indicate that participants whose level of intolerance of uncertainty was increased showed a higher level of worry, compared to participants whoselevel of intolerance was decreased, which is coherent with the theoretical model of worry and GAD, which stipulates thatolerance of uncertainty plays a key role in the acquisition and maintenance of excessive worry.

TL;DR: Women were found to be at significantly increased risk for PTSD following exposure to serious trauma, even when sexual trauma was excluded, and understanding the basis of (and parameters for) this increased susceptibility to PTSD in women compared to men following trauma exposure should be a priority for future traumatic stress research.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the negative idiosyncratic meaning of posttraumatic intrusions and cognitive strategies intended to control the intrusions play a major role in maintaining posttraumatic stress disorder.

TL;DR: The hierarchical four-factor model (comprising four first-order factors corresponding to reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal all subsumed by a higher-order general factor) provided the best overall fit to the data.

TL;DR: Results from correlational and regression analyses indicate that thinking about sleep and the anticipated consequences of poor sleep, along with general problem-solving are the strongest predictors of objective sleep latency.

TL;DR: A psychometric study was conducted in order to collect basic information about post-event processing in social anxiety and found that such processing occurs commonly after an anxiety-evoking or embarrassing social event and post- event processing scores were significantly correlated with social anxiety.

TL;DR: The preliminary validity results are promising, but further psychometric study is necessary to cross-validate the CAQ, examine its test-retest reliability, and confirm the stability of the factor structure.

TL;DR: A treatment program of inpatient therapy for this patient group according to the guidelines of DBT consists of a three-month inpatient treatment prior to long-term outpatient therapy.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that hoarding is associated with significant comorbidity and impairment compared to nonhoarding OCD and other anxiety disorders.

TL;DR: While all three measures were able to detect differences between social phobic patients and patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, a logistic regression analysis showed that the SPAI, but not the SPS and SIAS, was a significant predictor of membership of the social phobia group.

TL;DR: The BDI-II was administered to 130 psychiatric inpatients who were 55 years old or above and who were diagnosed with principal DSM-IV major depressive disorders (MDD) or adjustment disorders with depressed mood (N = 45, 35%).

TL;DR: Both AR and CT have potential as treatments for generalized anxiety disorder but they have to be developed further in order to increase the efficacy to the level usually seen in panic disorder, 80-85% clinically improved.

TL;DR: Chronic pain is re-presented as chronic vigilance to threat that may lead to a perservation of attempts at solving the problem of achieving escape from pain.

TL;DR: In most children, childhood fears are part of the normal development, however, in some children, these fears reflect serious anxiety problems which interfere with daily routine and reflect significant anxiety disorders.

TL;DR: Children's fear was more strongly associated with subjective experience of pain and trauma than with objective dental pathology, and indirect learning processes were found to be of only minor importance in this study.

TL;DR: Results showed that parental rearing behaviours, in particular rejection and anxious rearing, were positively associated with worry and self-reported attachment style appeared to be related to worry.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the therapeutic effects of video feedback can be enhanced by careful cognitive preparation which maximises the perceived discrepancy between self and video images.

TL;DR: The results suggest that while both phobias are characterized by elevated disgust sensitivity, contamination fear is more prominent in BII than spider phobia.

TL;DR: This study supports the conceptualization of food cravings as universal multidimensional motivational states that can be reliably measured and supports the use of the Spanish versions of the FCQ.

TL;DR: The results suggest that protection from extinction may occur even when the added stimulus is not inhibitory, and highlight the need to keep concurrent stimuli as similar as possible to the desired transfer context in practical applications of extinction such as exposure therapy for anxiety.

TL;DR: The main findings were largely consistent with predictions, with the greatest level of fear reduction and the lowest level of return of fear observed in the exposure condition involving guided threat reappraisal without cognitive load.

TL;DR: Patients who experience auditory hallucinations will experience more intrusive thoughts and be more distressed by them and interpret them as more uncontrollable and unacceptable than the control groups, and patients' interpretations of their voices were associated with the measures of distress in relation to them.

TL;DR: The present results indicate that the BSCQ provides comparable information to the SCQ-100, andLimitations, as well as the clinical advantages, of using the B SCQ over longer versions are discussed.

TL;DR: A trial of cognitive therapy compared to imaginal exposure of chronic PTSD showed that although clinical improvements were obtained after treatment and at 6 month follow-up one type of treatment was not significantly superior to the other.