Journal ArticleDOI
TEMPEST-D Radiometer: Instrument Description and Prelaunch Calibration
Sharmila Padmanabhan,Todd Gaier,Alan Tanner,Shannon Brown,Boon Lim,Steven C. Reising,R. A. Stachnik,Rudi Bendig,R. E. Cofield +8 more
TLDR
The Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems Technology Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) as mentioned in this paper is a five-frequency millimeter-wave radiometer operating from 87 to 181 GHz.Abstract:
The Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems Technology Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) instrument is a five-frequency millimeter-wave radiometer operating from 87 to 181 GHz. The cross-track scanning radiometer has been operating on a 6U CubeSat in low Earth orbit since September 5, 2018. The direct-detection architecture of the radiometer reduces its mass and power consumption by eliminating the need for a local oscillator and mixer, also reducing system complexity. The instrument includes a scanning reflector and ambient calibration target. The reflector rotates continuously to scan the antenna beams in the cross-track direction, first across the blackbody calibration target, then toward the Earth over the full range of incidence angles, and finally to cosmic microwave background radiation at 2.73 K. This enables precision end-to-end calibration of the millimeter-wave receivers during every 2-s scan period. The TEMPEST-D millimeter-wave radiometers are based on 35-nm indium phosphide (InP) high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) low-noise amplifiers. This article describes the instrument and its characterization prior to launch.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rainfall Estimation From TEMPEST-D CubeSat Observations: A Machine-Learning Approach
TL;DR: In this paper , a machine-learning model was used to produce surface rainfall estimates from TEMPEST-D microwave radiance observations from a CubeSat, which is based on an artificial neural network (ANN).
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Cross Validation of Tempest-D and Raincube Observations
V. Chandrasekar,Chandrasekar Radhakrishnan,Steven C. Reising,Wesley Berg,Shannon Brown,Simone Tanelli,Ousmane O. Sy,Gian Franco Sacco +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the first nearly simultaneous observations between TEMPEST-D and RainCube, two CubeSat missions supported by NASA for on-orbit validation of technology for studying the Earth's atmosphere, were presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric humidity and temperature sounding from the CubeSat TROPICS mission: Early performance evaluation with MiRS
John Xun Yang,Yong-Keun Lee,Christopher Grassotti,Kevin Garrett,Quanhua Liu,William J. Blackwell,R.V. Leslie,Thomas J. Greenwald,Ralf Bennartz,Scott A. Braun +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors extended the NOAA MiRS system and applied it to TROPICS Pathfinder early-phase, provisionally calibrated data, focusing on moisture and temperature, and compared with the ECMWF analysis and MiRS retrievals from NOAA-20 ATMS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rainfall Estimation From TEMPEST-D CubeSat Observations: A Machine-Learning Approach
TL;DR: In this article , a machine-learning model was used to produce surface rainfall estimates from TEMPEST-D microwave radiance observations from a CubeSat, which is based on an artificial neural network (ANN).
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Rainfall Estimation from Tempest-D Cubesat Observations
TL;DR: In this article, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to estimate surface rainfall from TEMPEST-D observations, which matched well with the MRMS surface rainfall product in terms of rainfall intensity, area, and precipitation system pattern.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The High-Altitude MMIC Sounding Radiometer for the Global Hawk Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Instrument Description and Performance
Shannon Brown,Bjorn Lambrigtsen,Richard Denning,T. C. Gaier,Pekka Kangaslahti,Boon Lim,Jordan Tanabe,Alan Tanner +7 more
TL;DR: The Jet Propulsion Laboratory's High-Altitude Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit Sounding Radiometer (HAMSR) is a 25-channel cross-track scanning microwave sounder with channels near the 60- and 118-GHz oxygen lines and the 183-GHz water-vapor line that has previously participated in three hurricane field campaigns.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Overview of Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems (TEMPEST) CubeSat constellation mission
Steven C. Reising,Todd Gaier,Christian D. Kummerow,V. Chandrasekar,Shannon Brown,Sharmila Padmanabhan,Boon Lim,Susan C. van den Heever,Tristan L'Ecuyer,Christopher S. Ruf,Ziad S. Haddad,Z. Johnny Luo,S. Joseph Munchak,Greg Berg,Timothy Koch,Sid Boukabara +15 more
TL;DR: The Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems (TEMPEST) satellite mission as discussed by the authors addresses key science needs related to cloud and precipitation processes using a constellation of five CubeSats with identical five-frequency millimeter-wave radiometers spaced 5-10 minutes apart in orbit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration and Validation of the TEMPEST-D CubeSat Radiometer
Wesley Berg,Shannon Brown,Boon Lim,Steven C. Reising,Yuriy Goncharenko,Christian D. Kummerow,Todd Gaier,Sharmila Padmanabhan +7 more
TL;DR: Although the TEMPEST-D radiometer is substantially smaller, lower power, and lower cost than similar current operational radiometers, it has comparable or better performance in terms of instrument noise, calibration accuracy, and calibration stability or precision.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
A 6U CubeSat constellation concept for atmospheric temperature and humidity sounding
Sharmila Padmanabhan,Shannon Brown,Pekka Kangaslahti,Damon Russell,R. E. Cofield,R. A. Stachnik,Boon Lim +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to understand how modes of natural climate variability, such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillated (PDO), impact the weather extremes.
Journal ArticleDOI
A three-frequency feed for millimeter wave radiometry
Daniel J. Hoppe,Behrouz Khayatian,John B. Sosnowski,Peter J. Bruneau,A. Johnson,Steven C. Reising,Shannon Brown +6 more
TL;DR: A three-frequency millimeter-wave feed horn was developed as part of an advanced component technology task that provides components necessary for higher-frequency radiometers to meet the needs of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission as discussed by the authors.
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