Journal ArticleDOI
The intergenerational effects of trauma from terror: A real possibility
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The goals of this article are to discuss the potential risk of children whose parents were traumatized by terror, to present literature on parenting in the context of terror, and to consider factors that may mediate the transmission of trauma-effects from parents to children.Abstract:
The goals of this article are to discuss the potential risk of children whose parents were traumatized by terror, to present literature on parenting in the context of terror, and to consider factors that may mediate the transmission of trauma-effects from parents to children. Mediators considered are parents' traumatic distress, disturbed parent-child interactions, trauma-related disturbances in parents' thinking, and effects of stress on children's neural functioning. Also discussed are genetic and environmental factors that may moderate the transmission of intergenerational effects and promote children's risk and resilience. Points raised during the discussion are illustrated with segments from interviews of women who were pregnant or gave birth some time after direct exposure to a terror attack. The authors conclude that empirical studies are needed to learn more about the intergenerational transmission of trauma-effects and processes that underlie it. The authors join others in the call to improve evaluation, treatment, and support of trauma victims and their children to stymie the transmission of problems from one generation to the next.read more
Citations
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Maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms and infant emotional reactivity and emotion regulation.
Michelle Bosquet Enlow,Michelle Bosquet Enlow,Robert Li Kitts,Robert Li Kitts,Emily A. Blood,Emily A. Blood,Andrea Bizarro,Michelle Hofmeister,Rosalind J. Wright,Rosalind J. Wright +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that maternal PTSD is associated with offspring emotion regulation difficulties as early as infancy, and such difficulties may contribute to increased risk of mental health problems among children of mothers with PTSD.
Of Human Bonding: Newborns Prefer Their Mothers' Voices
Sally E. Armitage,B. A. Baldwin +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the root mean square values at peaks taken from spectrum analyses, for different types of internal sound were used to identify drinking, eating, swallowing, rumination, and heavy breathing.
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Protective Factors for Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Among Second and Third Generation Holocaust Survivors
Lotem Giladi,Terece S. Bell +1 more
TL;DR: This article explored whether differentiation of self and family communication styles were protective factors of secondary traumatic stress (STS) in Jewish Americans/Canadians whose families emigrated from Europe prior to or after World War II.
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Father-Involvement in a Refugee Sample: Relations between Posttraumatic Stress and Caregiving.
TL;DR: Investigation of the quantity of father-involvement and the influence of posttraumatic stress on the quality of involvement in a refugee and asylum seeker population shows that fathers were less involved in caregiving tasks and play activities than mothers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
An inventory for measuring depression
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Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
TL;DR: The STAI as mentioned in this paper is an indicator of two types of anxiety, the state and trait anxiety, and measure the severity of the overall anxiety level, which is appropriate for those who have at least a sixth grade reading level.
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Influence of Life Stress on Depression: Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene
Avshalom Caspi,Karen Sugden,Terrie E. Moffitt,Alan Taylor,Ian W. Craig,Hona Lee Harrington,Joseph L. McClay,Jonathan Mill,Judy Martin,Antony W. Braithwaite,Richie Poulton +10 more
TL;DR: Evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction is provided, in which an individual's response to environmental insults is moderated by his or her genetic makeup.