Open AccessJournal Article
The Laki eruption of 1783: impacts on population and settlement in Iceland.
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In this article, a case study of the eruption of the Icelandic volcano Laki in 1783, a major disaster which killed nine thousand people, is presented, where the population rapidly recovered however and a replacement of settlement took place in sites peripheral to the lava.Abstract:
In comparison with research on contemporary natural hazards little is known about response to historic disasters or about long-term processes of adaptation to impacts on population and settlement patterns. This paper describes a case study of the eruption of the Icelandic volcano Laki in 1783 a major disaster which killed nine thousand people....The population rapidly recovered however and a replacement of settlement took place in sites peripheral to the lava. The paper places the eruption within a physical environmental political and economic context and describes the event and its impacts on the basis of contemporary accounts and statistical data on population and settlement. Further questions for research on past natural disasters are suggested. (EXCERPT)read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric and environmental effects of the 1783-1784 Laki eruption: A review and reassessment
TL;DR: The 1783-1784 Laki flood lava eruption in Iceland emitted ∼122 megatons (Mt) SO2 into the atmosphere and maintained a sulfuric aerosol veil that hung over the Northern Hemisphere for >5 months.
Journal ArticleDOI
Victims from volcanic eruptions : a revised database
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of investigations carried out either in contemporary accounts or in specific studies of eruptions that occurred since A.D. 1783, which includes approximately 90% of the recorded deaths throughout history.
Journal Article
Globalization of disaster: trends, problems and dilemmas.
TL;DR: This article surveys the global pattern of catastrophes and offers an analysis of modern systems of emergency preparedness and processes of disaster relief, with particular attention to the problems of creating resilience and the moral and practical dilemmas of prevention and response.
Book ChapterDOI
Bons Baisers d’Islande : Climatic, Environmental, and Human Dimensions Impacts of the Lakagígar Eruption (1783–1784) in Iceland
TL;DR: In particular, the summer in Europe and elsewhere was characterized by the appearance of the phenomenon described by many contemporaries as the “great dry fog" as mentioned in this paper, which was caused by the Lakagigar volcanic eruption (1783-1784) in Iceland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population, agriculture, and famine: Iceland, 1784–1785
TL;DR: The effects of the 1783 eruption of Iceland's Lakagigar (Laki craters) on a largely subsistent population for whom relief measures were belated and few.
References
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Book
The environment as hazard
TL;DR: The Environment as Hazard as discussed by the authors offers an understanding of how people around the world deal with dramatic fluctuations in the local natural systems of air, water, and terrain, through vivid examples from a broad sample of countries, this volume illuminates the range of experiences associated with natural hazards.
Book ChapterDOI
5 – On the Damage Caused by Volcanic Eruptions with Special Reference to Tephra and Gases
Journal ArticleDOI
Population Changes in Iceland
TL;DR: The Icelandic settlement of Iceland was in many ways a remarkable achievement as mentioned in this paper, in which many old Icelandic place names beginning with kaldr, "cold," such as Kaldidalur, Kaldakinn, and Kaldbakur, indicative of the disappointment of settlers from warmer countries.
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