Proceedings ArticleDOI
The spellex system of speech aids for the blind in computer applications
Ching Y. Suen,Michael P. Beddoes,James C. Swail +2 more
- pp 217-220
TLDR
Spellex is a system developed to aid the blind in the use of computer and office equipment without sighted help and provides voice for standard input and output terminals, punch card reader, paper-tape punch and reader, calculator, electric typewriter and the Lexiphone reading machine for the blind.Abstract:
Spellex is a system developed to aid the blind in the use of computer and office equipment without sighted help. It consists of a digital spelled speech generator interfaced with a number of instruments by digital electronic circuits. Voice is produced by two specially programmed read only memory chips. Standard C-MOS components are used in the design of the spelled speech generator so that the processor can be easily implemented using the latest large scale integrated circuit technology. As it now stands, Spellex provides voice for standard input and output terminals, punch card reader, paper-tape punch and reader, calculator, electric typewriter and the Lexiphone reading machine for the blind.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
n-Gram Statistics for Natural Language Understanding and Text Processing
TL;DR: The positional distributions of n-grams obtained in the present study are discussed and statistical studies on word length and trends ofn-gram frequencies versus vocabulary are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards a Training Framework for Improved Assistive Mobile App Acceptance and Use Rates by Blind and Visually Impaired People.
TL;DR: This study presents the everyday practices and psychological features of the BVIs, as they were inferred from the analysis of the interviews, and argues that these psychological features must be considered in the development of training practices concerning the use of the proposed technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
‘Rehabilitation aids for the blind’: disability and technological knowledge in Canada, 1947-1985
TL;DR: A case study focusing on the research program of James Swail, an engineer with the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada from 1947 until 1985, which strived to disrupt conceptions of both the technological functionality and economic rationality of technologies produced for and by disabled people in mid-twentieth century Canada.
Journal ArticleDOI
Videotex and the disabled
TL;DR: The special problems of input and output of videotex by blind, deaf and motor impaired individuals are discussed and various hardware and software techniques to overcome these problems are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
A punched-card reader for the blind programmer with synthesized voice output
James C. Swail,Ching Y. Suen +1 more
TL;DR: Through digital conversion of codes, a punched-card reader with synthesized voice output has been implemented that will automatically pronounce the character as soon as a column of holes passes the photocells.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sensory aids for the blind: A challenging problem with lessons for the future
Patrick W. Nye,J.C. Bliss +1 more
TL;DR: The two major objectives of sensory aids for the blind are to permit access to printed matter and to permit safe travel through the environment and several potentially useful prototype devices have been developed and are about to be evaluated in this country.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reading machines for the blind:The technical problems and the methods adopted for their solution
TL;DR: Direct assessment of speech synthesized by rule has shown that even currently available techniques can yield speech acceptable to blind users.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reading aids for the blind: A special case of machine-to-man communication
TL;DR: The development of a reading machine for the blind offers insight into current problems of computer-to-man communications and poses a technical and humanitarian challenge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a Digital Spelled-Speech Reading Machine for the Blind
Ching Y. Suen,Michael P. Beddoes +1 more
TL;DR: Experimental results indicated that blind subjects could read spelled sentences between 60 and 70 words/m with 90-percent correct intelligibility after only 1 h of contact with the letter sounds.