Journal ArticleDOI
The terminal velocity of fall for water droplets in stagnant air
Ross Gunn,Gilbert D. Kinzer +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the terminal velocities for distilled water droplets falling through stagnant air are accurately determined using a new method employing electronic techniques, and the over-all accuracy of the massterminal-velocity measurements is better than 0.7 per cent.Abstract:
The terminal velocities for distilled water droplets falling through stagnant air are accurately determined. More than 1500 droplets of mass from 0.2 to 100,000 micrograms, embracing droplets so small that Stokes' law is obeyed up to and including droplets so large that they are mechanically unstable, were measured by a new method employing electronic techniques. An apparatus for the production of electrically charged artificial water droplets at a controllable rate is described. The over-all accuracy of the mass-terminal-velocity measurements is better than 0.7 per cent.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
On the distribution and continuity of water substance in atmospheric circulations
TL;DR: In this paper, the conservation and distribution of water substance in atmospheric circulations are considered within a frame of continuity principles, model air flows, and models of microphysical processes, where the simplest considerations of precipitation involve its vertical distribution in an updraft column, where condensate appears immediately as precipitation with uniform terminal fallspeed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss
W. H. Wischmeier,Dwight D. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a relatively simple procedure is presented for computation of kinetic energy of a rainstorm from information on a recording-raingage chart, and an equation is developed describing rainfall energy as a function of rainfall intensity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Present-Day Atmospheric Simulations Using GISS ModelE: Comparison to In Situ, Satellite, and Reanalysis Data
Gavin A. Schmidt,Reto Ruedy,James Hansen,Igor Aleinov,N. Bell,Mike Bauer,Susanne E. Bauer,Brian Cairns,Vittorio Canuto,Y. Cheng,Anthony D. Del Genio,Greg Faluvegi,Andrew D. Friend,Timothy M. Hall,Yongyun Hu,Max Kelley,Nancy Y. Kiang,Dorothy Koch,Andrew A. Lacis,Jean Lerner,Ken K. Lo,Ron L. Miller,Larissa Nazarenko,Valdar Oinas,J. P. Perlwitz,Judith Perlwitz,David Rind,Anastasia Romanou,Gary L. Russell,Makiko Sato,Drew Shindell,Peter Stone,Shan Sun,N. Tausnev,Duane Thresher,Mao-Sung Yao +35 more
TL;DR: The ModelE version of the GISS atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) and results for present-day climate simulations (ca. 1979) were presented in this article, where the model top is now above the stratopause, the number of vertical layers has increased, a new cloud microphysical scheme is used, vegetation biophysics now incorporates a sensitivity to humidity, atmospheric turbulence is calculated over the whole column, and new land snow and lake schemes are introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Doppler radar characteristics of precipitation at vertical incidence
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review and extension of the theoretical bases for the measurement of the characteristics of rain and snow with vertically pointing Doppler radar are presented, where the drop size distribution in rain can be computed from the Doppher spectrum, provided that the updraft can be estimated, but difficulties are involved in the case of snow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observed spatial organization of soil moisture and its relation to terrain indices
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the degree of spatial organization of soil moisture and the ability of terrain attributes to predict that organization using point measurements from the 10.5 ha Tarrawarra experimental catchment in Australia.