In this article the author explores the controversial thesis that African American Collegiate Fraternities and Sororities, also known as Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs), are ‘educated gangs’. First, the author examines this polemic as a ‘truth claim’ and compares BGLOs and gangs through: (1) hazing; (2) rape and substance abuse; (3) social constructions of black masculinity and femininity; (4) social structure; and (5) cultural aesthetics. Second, the author finds the legitimacy of the ‘educated gangs’ thesis untenable due to the racist nature of the discourse itself. Third, the author argues that BGLOs are deemed ‘educated gangs’ via a nouveau ‘culture of poverty’ ideology, the exaction of ‘symbolic violence’, and the propagation and protection of a normative and pure whiteness that is constructed relationally to a demonized and vilified blackness.

Vive la différence! Killing and allowing to die.

Brotherhood or brothers in the ‘hood’? Debunking the ‘educated gang’ thesis as black fraternity and sorority slander

How can we practice dying in community? What communal practices nourish positive acts that make dying well (enough)—more than prudent caution in avoiding causing death (killing)? What part of our common ecclesial life as Catholics enables us to accompany dying persons as a gracious return to God? We are twice haunted: most first world deaths result from foreseen end-stage illnesses; mortality is less feared than burdensomeness for caregivers from vulnerable dependence. Of those who die in the hospital, many deaths result from decisions to withhold and withdraw treatments. From ten kinds of desolation about dying, ten parallel consolations are discerned in hopes and outcomes-based best practices.

Can the communion of saints help the search for justice in dying well (enough), “in Abraham's arms, where Lazarus is poor no longer”?

i Declaration iii Acknowledgments v Chapter One Introduction 1 Chapter Two Contextualising the arguments (1) 5 2.

background

The doctor as moral agent, with reference to the distinction between killing and "letting die"

Advance Directives and Perspectives of Older People among Dunedin's Faith Communities

This paper presents a system for making decisions at the end of life. It emphasizes the role of patient autonomy and the importance of patient and family participation with the physician in decision-making. Definitions are presented for the terms: terminal illness, withholding and withdrawing life sustaining treatment, physician assisted suicide and euthanasia. Three cases are briefly described to illustrate the application of the decision-making system. A detailed discussion is then presented of the divergent views expressed by different authors about the moral differences or similarities between forgoing life sustaining treatment and physician assistance in dying. It is concluded that the view that these two actions are fundamentally different, as supported by the United States Supreme Court, in 1997, is the correct one. Physician assisted suicide (PAS) remains a controversial issue. Physicians and societies in individual countries must work out their own approaches to PAS. However, forgoing invasive or intensive life support in terminally ill patients consistent with their wishes is considered appropriate.

/pdf/decisions-at-the-end-of-life-4lsprq6rqi.pdf

Vive la différence! Killing and allowing to die.

Citations

Brotherhood or brothers in the ‘hood’? Debunking the ‘educated gang’ thesis as black fraternity and sorority slander

Can the communion of saints help the search for justice in dying well (enough), “in Abraham's arms, where Lazarus is poor no longer”?

The doctor as moral agent, with reference to the distinction between killing and "letting die"

Advance Directives and Perspectives of Older People among Dunedin's Faith Communities

Decisions at the End of Life

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What medicine and the law should do for the physician-assisted suicide debate.