Journal ArticleDOI
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm
Linda O. Eckert,Stephen E. Hawes,Cladd E. Stevens,Laura A. Koutsky,David A. Eschenbach,King K. Holmes +5 more
TLDR
An algorithm based on symptoms, signs, and selective use of wet mounts and cultures would have provided prompt treatment to 150 of 167 (90%) women with vulvovaginal candidiasis while minimizing the number of cultures performed.About:
This article is published in Obstetrics & Gynecology.The article was published on 1998-11-01. It has received 222 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Bacterial vaginosis & Vaginal discharge.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Candida Infections of the Genitourinary Tract
TL;DR: Despite its high incidence and clinical relevance, genitourinary candidiasis is understudied, and therefore, important questions about pathogenesis and treatment guidelines remain to be resolved.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors
Bruna Gonçalves,Carina Sofia Vieira Ferreira,Carlos Alves,Mariana Henriques,Joana Azeredo,Sónia Carina Silva +5 more
TL;DR: Information about the current state of knowledge on the risk factors that predispose to VVC is provided, also including a revision of the epidemiology and microbiology of VVC, as well as of Candida virulence factors associated with vaginal pathogenicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of Vaginal Complaints
TL;DR: Office laboratory tests, particularly microscopy of vaginal discharge, are the most useful way of diagnosing these 3 conditions and the cause of vaginal complaints may be easily diagnosed when typical findings appear in microscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Genital Tract Infections on HIV-1 Shedding in the Genital Tract : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Leigh F. Johnson,David A. Lewis +1 more
TL;DR: These infections are likely to be particularly important in promoting the sexual transmission and mother-to-child intrapartum transmission of HIV-1, and should therefore be the focus of HIV prevention strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent observations on HIV type-1 infection in the genital tract of men and women.
TL;DR: This review focuses on the genital and systemic factors that define the infectiousness of HIV and susceptibility to sexual transmission, including virological, microbiological and immunological parameters that affect HIV-1 pathogenesis and transmission.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation.
TL;DR: The standardized score facilitates future research concerning bacterial vaginosis because it provides gradations of the disturbance of vaginal flora which may be associated with different levels of risk for pregnancy complications.
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The establishment of various trichomonads of animals and man in axenic cultures
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnosis and clinical manifestations of bacterial vaginosis.
David A. Eschenbach,Sharon L. Hillier,Cathy W. Critchlow,Claire E. Stevens,Timothy A. DeRouen,King K. Holmes +5 more
TL;DR: Elevated vaginal pH was the least specific and amine-like odor the least sensitive sign of bacterial vaginosis, and bacterialvaginosis remained associated with adnexal tenderness after adjusting for coinfection, sexual behavior, and other variables.
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Clinical manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis.
Pål Wølner-Hanssen,John N. Krieger,Claire E. Stevens,Nancy B. Kiviat,Laura A. Koutsky,Cathy W. Critchlow,Timothy A. DeRouen,Sharon L. Hillier,King K. Holmes +8 more
TL;DR: Careful clinical examination and selective use of wet-mount examination together with wider use of more sensitive tests for subclinical infection, such as culture or direct immunofluorescent staining of vaginal fluid, could lead to improved detection and control of this infection.
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Genital Yeast Infections
TL;DR: It seems that a clinical diagnosis of vaginal mycosis cannot be made with accuracy and that positive identification of yeasts is necessary; for this, cultural methods are the most satisfactory.