Showing papers in "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1998"

TL;DR: The fetal systemic inflammatory response as a mechanism of disease is reviewed and potential interventions to control an exaggerated inflammatory response in utero are also described.

TL;DR: Normal third-trimester pregnancy is characterized by remarkable activation of peripheral blood leukocytes, which is further increased in preeclampsia, and this activity is similar to those found in sepsis.

TL;DR: The possibility of genetic imprinting should be considered in future genetic investigations of preeclampsia, as it is likely to reduce albumin’s antitoxic activity to a point at which very-low density lipoprotein toxicity is expressed.

TL;DR: In this article, guidelines for the treatment and diagnosis of different forms of vulvovaginal candidiasis are suggested, and guidelines for standardization of care, including diagnosis and therapy, remain undefined.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a retrospective review of 175 fetal lung lesions diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonography at two fetal treatment centers and found that most of them can be managed with maternal transport, planned term delivery, and postnatal resection.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed that preterm labor in the setting of infection results from the actions of proinflammatory cytokines secreted as part of the fetal and/or maternal host response to microbial invasion.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the frequency and reasons for oral contraceptive discontinuation and subsequent contraceptive behavior and concluded that counseling should emphasize the possibility of side effects, stressing the fact that most will be transient, and the need to identify a backup method.

TL;DR: Mortality for infants between 501 and 1500 gm at birth has declined over the past 5 years and there are interactions between birth weight, gestational age, gender, and survival rate.

TL;DR: The risk factors found in this analysis tend to be different from those associated with spontaneous preterm birth, which constitute more than one quarter of all preterm births.

TL;DR: Calcium supplementation is a simple and effective treatment in premenstrual syndrome, resulting in a major reduction in overall luteal phase symptoms, compared with a 30% reduction in placebo.

TL;DR: Potentially asphyxiating conditions, chiefly tight nuchal cord, were associated with an appreciable proportion of unexplained spastic quadriplegia but not with diplegia or hemiplegia.

TL;DR: It is concluded that leptin increases significantly during early pregnancy before any major changes in body fat and resting metabolic rate, and the data suggest that pregnancy represents a leptin-resistant state.

TL;DR: Decreased levels of placenta growth factor during preeclampsia could influence endothelial cell and trophoblast function, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease.

TL;DR: The outcomes of cardiovascular operations during pregnancy, at delivery, and post partum were reviewed from published material in the period 1984-1996 as mentioned in this paper, and maternal risks of cardiovascular procedures during pregnancy are moderate, significantly increase if an operation is performed at or after delivery, which, overall, should be considered as higher than those in non-pregnant cardiovascular surgical patients.

TL;DR: Findings support the premise that placental corticotropin-releasing hormone is potentially implicated in the timing of human delivery in at least two ways, and suggest it may play a role in the physiology of parturition.

TL;DR: Combination therapy had the greatest immediate efficacy in the management of female urinary incontinence regardless of urodynamic diagnosis, and results suggest that the specific treatment may not be as important as having a structured intervention program with education, counseling, and frequent patient contact.

TL;DR: The risk of spontaneous preterm birth in parous women by use of obstetric history, fetal fibronectin, and sonographic cervical length was estimated from a logistic regression model with data from 1282 women analyzed according to gestational age at the most recent prior delivery.

TL;DR: Alleviation of climacteric symptoms was the most important predictive factor for the beneficial effect of estrogen replacement therapy on sleep complaints and significantly diminished sleep complaints among postmenopausal women.

TL;DR: Patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity with U urealyticum are associated with a robust host inflammatory response in the fetal, amniotics, and maternal compartments.

TL;DR: Elevated early second-trimester amniotic fluid interleukin-6 levels are associated with preterm delivery, confirming that in some women this indicator of very early intrauterine inflammation predicts birth before 34 weeks' gestation.

TL;DR: A role for matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the mechanisms responsible for membrane rupture in term and preterm gestations is supported, and spontaneous rupture of membranes at term is associated with a significant increase in the amniotic fluid concentrations of matrix meetallop Proteinase 9.

TL;DR: Radical vaginal trachelectomy appears to be a valuable procedure in well-selected patients with early-stage cervical cancer, and Successful pregnancies are definitely possible after this procedure.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that the independent risk factor for atherosclerosis of increased plasma homocysteine concentration is associated with the pregnancy syndrome of preeclampsia.

TL;DR: The fact that the smoking-related risk of spontaneous pre term birth is more pronounced than that of induced preterm birth suggests that smoking is associated with spontaneous preterm labor.

TL;DR: One or three doses of maternal glucocorticoids begun at an early gestational age caused symmetric growth retardation in lambs delivered prematurely, and the decreased fetal size persisted to term.

TL;DR: The increased administration of antenatal ampicillin to pregnant women may be responsible for the increased incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis with non-group B streptococcal organisms that are resistant to ampiculin.

TL;DR: Mild cerebral ventriculomegaly should prompt targeted ultrasonographic examination, inclusive of markers of aneuploidies, visualization of the corpus callosum, and echocardiogram as well as serologic evaluation for congenital infections.

TL;DR: In this article, the anatomic and functional results of rectocele repair were described for most women with rectovaginal fascia repair, without levator plication or perineorrhaphy.

TL;DR: The studies show that the early fall in blood pressure is accompanied by a significant fall in the plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentration, later in pregnancy circulating concentrations increase and, when pregnancy is complicated by preeclampsia, concentrations are higher than in the nonpregnant state.