Journal ArticleDOI
What happens to drinking when alcohol policy changes? A review of five natural experiments for alcohol taxes, prices, and availability.
Jon P. Nelson,Amy D. McNall +1 more
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TLDR
Overall, a lack of consistent results for consumption is found both within- and across-countries, with a general finding that alcohol tax interventions had selective, rather than broad, impacts on subpopulations and drinking patterns.Abstract:
Natural experiments are an important alternative to observational and econometric studies. This paper provides a review of results from empirical studies of alcohol policy interventions in five countries: Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong, Sweden, and Switzerland. Major policy changes were removal of quotas on travelers' tax-free imports and reductions in alcohol taxes. A total of 29 primary articles are reviewed, which contain 35 sets of results for alcohol consumption by various subpopulations and time periods. For each country, the review summarizes and examines: (1) history of tax/quota policy interventions and price changes; (2) graphical trends for alcohol consumption and liver disease mortality; and (3) empirical results for policy effects on alcohol consumption and drinking patterns. We also compare cross-country results for three select outcomes-binge drinking, alcohol consumption by youth and young adults, and heavy consumption by older adults. Overall, we find a lack of consistent results for consumption both within- and across-countries, with a general finding that alcohol tax interventions had selective, rather than broad, impacts on subpopulations and drinking patterns. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1: The Epidemiology and Risk Factors.
Philip Joseph,Darryl P. Leong,Martin McKee,Sonia S. Anand,Jon-David Schwalm,Koon K. Teo,Andrew Mente,Salim Yusuf +7 more
TL;DR: An overview of the current epidemiological data on cardiovascular diseases, its risk factors, and strategies aimed at reducing its burden is provided, and better implementation of evidence-based policies and integrated health systems strategies that improve CVD prevention and management are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Growing burden of alcoholic liver disease in China: A review.
TL;DR: This review describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, genetic polymorphisms, diagnosis, and treatment of ALD in the Chinese population to help in the development of useful strategies for reducing the global ALD burden.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for the effectiveness of minimum pricing of alcohol: a systematic review and assessment using the Bradford Hill criteria for causality.
TL;DR: There was very little evidence that minimum alcohol prices are not associated with consumption or subsequent harms, however the overall quality of the evidence was variable, and the quantitative uncertainty in many estimates or forecasts is often poorly communicated outside the academic literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do alcohol control policies work? An umbrella review and quality assessment of systematic reviews of alcohol control interventions (2006 - 2017).
TL;DR: Robust and well-reported research synthesis is deficient in the alcohol control field despite the availability of clear methodological guidance.
American association of wine economists
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the wine industry in France at the turn of the twentieth century and take advantage of a quasi-natural experiment generated by a law implemented on 1 January 1901 which lowered and harmonized various local tax rates.
References
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Posted Content
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
TL;DR: The core methods in today's econometric toolkit are linear regression for statistical control, instrumental variables methods for the analysis of natural experiments, and differences-in-differences methods that exploit policy changes.
Book
Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity: Research and Public Policy
Thomas F. Babor,Raul Caetano,Sally Casswell,Griffith Edwards,Norman Giesbrecht,Kathryn Graham,Joel W. Grube,Paul J. Gruenewald,Linda Hill,Harold D. Holder,Ross Homel,Esa Österberg,Jürgen Rehm,Robin Room,Ingeborg Rossow +14 more
TL;DR: This book describes recent advances in alcohol research which have direct relevance for the development of effective alcohol policies at the local, national and international levels.
Alcohol: No ordinary commodity: Research and public policy, 2nd ed.
Thomas F. Babor,Raul Caetano,Sally Casswell,Griffith Edwards,Norman Giesbrecht,Kathryn Graham,Joel W. Grube,Linda Hill,Harold D. Holder,Ross Homel,Michael Livingston,Esa Österberg,Jürgen Rehm,Robin Room,Ingeborg Rossow +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe recent advances in alcohol research which have direct relevance for the development of effective alcohol policies at the local, national and international levels, and the central purpose of the book is to empower those responsible for public health and social welfare.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policies and programmes to reduce the harm caused by alcohol
TL;DR: School-based education does not reduce alcohol-related harm, although public information and education-type programmes have a role in providing information and in increasing attention and acceptance of alcohol on political and public agendas.
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