What are some reasearch ideas for using AI for Frequency-based control power in energysystems?5 answersAI-based power reserve control strategies for frequency regulation in microgrids have been proposed in several research papers. Zhou et al. proposed a strategy that uses artificial neural networks (ANN) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms to control the power reserve ratio of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Priyadarsini et al. used AI-based controllers, including fuzzy logic controllers, to analyze load frequency control in interconnected power systems. Sundararajan and Sivakumar investigated the use of deep learning strategies, specifically long short-term memory recurrent neural networks, to identify power fluctuations in real-time for automatic generation control. These research ideas demonstrate the potential of AI in improving frequency-based power control in energy systems.
What are the Hybrid (Model driven and data driven) frequency dynamics estimation models in power system?5 answersHybrid (model-driven and data-driven) frequency dynamics estimation models in power systems have been proposed in the literature. One approach combines a model-driven method with a data-driven method to accurately and rapidly monitor the dynamic change of system states. The model-driven method is used to extract features with high entropy and reduce computational complexity, while retaining the strong coupling relationship between electrical parameters. The data-driven method, based on a graph neural network, takes advantage of topology information and adapts to the internal laws of data, improving accuracy. Another approach utilizes a hybrid predictive model based on long-short term memory and transformer networks to predict the temporal dynamics of power system frequency. These models have shown superiority in terms of reliability, efficiency, and accuracy in simulation studies.
What are the AI/machine learning/deep learning based frequency dynamics estimation models in power system?5 answersAI/machine learning/deep learning based frequency dynamics estimation models in power systems have been proposed in several papers. Ma et al.proposed a two-layer algorithm that utilizes phasor measurement unit (PMU) data and combines Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) to classify and locate power system events. Liu et al.applied five machine learning methods, including linear regression, gradient boosting, support vector regression, artificial neural network, and XGBoost, to predict the frequency nadir in power systems with high renewable penetration levels. Another paper by Liu et al.proposed a data extraction framework and an XGBoost algorithm-based regression model to predict frequency dynamics in inverter-based renewable energy resource-dominated power systems. These papers demonstrate the effectiveness of AI/machine learning/deep learning techniques in accurately estimating frequency dynamics in power systems.
•What advancements in AI have enabled its application in the modeling and management of power system frequency dynamics?5 answersAdvancements in AI have enabled its application in the modeling and management of power system frequency dynamics. One approach is the use of multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MA-DRL) methods, which can adapt control strategies for load frequency control (LFC) through off-policy learning. Specifically, the multi-agent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm has been proposed to adjust and refine control system parameters considering variational load and source behavior. Another advancement is the use of self-adaptive algorithms based on AI to effectively understand and manage the massive data sets generated by IoT devices in power systems. These algorithms, such as the Improved Random Energy Optimization Algorithm (IIRBEOA), can distribute power levels to small portable devices and optimize energy consumption in IoT networks. Overall, these advancements in AI have improved the modeling and management of power system frequency dynamics by enabling adaptive control strategies and efficient energy management.
Different mathematical models that have been used to analyze and predict frequency dynamics in power system?5 answersDifferent mathematical models have been used to analyze and predict frequency dynamics in power systems. One approach is to use statistical-model-based methods to analyze the propagation characteristics of frequency dynamic behavior. Another approach is to use fundamental dynamic simulation principles to identify key changes in the dynamic behavior of the system due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES). Additionally, properties of power grid frequency trajectories can be analyzed using statistical and stochastic analysis, and compared with synthetic models for frequency dynamics. Furthermore, power system scheduling models can incorporate frequency dynamics by formulating frequency security constraints that consider the details of frequency response dynamics. Finally, a precise frequency-dependent model has been proposed that takes into account spatial variations of the frequency in the network during a transient, leading to more accurate simulation of transient conditions.
Different mathematical and computational models that have been used to analyze and predict frequency dynamics in power system?5 answersDifferent mathematical and computational models have been used to analyze and predict frequency dynamics in power systems. One approach is to establish a frequency response model based on the full-state model of the power system, which allows for the quantitative relationship between system frequency-related characteristic quantities and system parameters to be obtained. Another method involves using a physics-inspired machine learning model that integrates stochastic differential equations and artificial neural networks to construct a probabilistic model of power grid frequency dynamics. Additionally, dynamic state and parameter estimation methods such as the Kalman filter, extended Kalman filter, unscented Kalman filter, and moving horizon estimation have been compared for their accuracy and computational time in estimating the states and parameters for frequency dynamics. These various models and methods provide valuable tools for analyzing and predicting frequency dynamics in power systems.