How does descriptive design differ from other design approaches?5 answersDescriptive design in research focuses on portraying characteristics of a single sample without a comparative group, aiming to generate hypotheses rather than test associations. This design includes case reports, case series, correlational, and cross-sectional studies. Unlike traditional approaches to representation, which often rely on visible characteristics and essentialist assumptions, descriptive design emphasizes capturing less visible identities and shared experiences, avoiding faulty logic like assuming any individual can represent an entire group. In the realm of architecture, investigating expert architects' design behavior sheds light on the hidden cognitive processes involved in the design process, demystifying its complexities. Descriptive text, on the other hand, serves to describe people, things, or places in detail, aiding students in expressing their artwork through detailed descriptions.
What is comparative-descriptive design?5 answersA comparative-descriptive design combines elements of both comparative and descriptive research methodologies to analyze different policy designs or products across various contexts. This approach involves comparing and describing the characteristics, narratives, and sociocultural influences of the subjects under study. It allows researchers to gain insights into how policies or products are structured, how communication strategies have evolved over time, and how different eras have shaped the values embedded in these designs. By utilizing qualitative descriptive methods, researchers can collect data from key stakeholders in different national contexts to draw valid depictions of reality, expanding the analysis of public policies to topics that may have been previously understudied. This methodological design offers a flexible and insightful way to explore and understand complex phenomena in diverse contexts.
What legal and regulatory requirements control Design-Build or Design-Bid-Build construction methods?5 answersLegal and regulatory requirements play a crucial role in controlling Design-Build or Design-Bid-Build construction methods. The traditional Design-Bid-Build (DBB) approach involves separate contracts for design and construction, with the lowest bidder typically selected. Various countries, including Egypt, have specific legal responsibilities related to design in construction contracts, impacting the allocation of design responsibilities and potential disputes. Additionally, regulatory environments, such as building regulations in the UK, emphasize safety considerations in design, like fire evacuation distances and compliance with health and safety laws. Studies on tender rules in different countries highlight common approaches to ensure fair relations between clients and contractors, with some methods like competitive negotiations being more prevalent abroad than in Russia. Regulatory control in construction aims to achieve quality results through adherence to standards and technical documentation.
How does Design Bid Build address environmental conditions in construction projects?5 answersDesign-Bid-Build (DBB) procurement method, prevalent in the construction industry, has been associated with negative effects on the environment and project participants. DBB's influence on the construction environment can be mitigated by implementing lean tools like the Last Planner ® System, which can positively impact project participants' behavior. Sustainable construction design aims to reduce adverse environmental impacts throughout a project's lifecycle, emphasizing the importance of integrating sustainability principles into practices. Additionally, environmental aspects, such as natural resource preservation and mitigation of pollution, are crucial considerations in construction projects, including tunnels, where proper design and mitigation measures are essential to minimize environmental hazards. These insights highlight the significance of addressing environmental conditions through sustainable practices and effective project management tools in construction projects.
Construction maintenance and repetitive tasks?5 answersConstruction maintenance and repetitive tasks in the construction industry can be enhanced through the use of autonomous robots. These robots can perform labor-intensive tasks such as painting, drilling screws, and transporting materials and equipment. Additionally, monitoring the postural behavior of workers during lifting operations can help prevent musculoskeletal disorders. This can be achieved by tracking subjects with a Kinect camera and providing personalized feedback to encourage safe lifting techniques. Project planning and scheduling methods can also be improved by considering the limited production capacity of construction companies. A Petri nets-based approach can be used for project scheduling with repetitive processes, allowing for efficient resources allocation and subcontractor agreement analysis. Furthermore, optimizing project duration and cost while ensuring uninterrupted resource utilization is crucial. Mixed integer linear programming can be used to model this problem and minimize project cost with a constraint on project duration.
Why do we need to compare the 3 Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB), and Public-Private Partnerships?5 answersComparing the Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB), and Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) is necessary to understand their performance and determine the most suitable delivery method for different projects. DBB is a traditional project delivery method that involves separate contracts for design and construction. It is perceived as giving owners the best deal for their projects and meeting budget restrictions. DB, on the other hand, combines design and construction into a single contract, allowing for faster project completion and potentially lower costs. PPP is a collaborative approach between the public and private sectors, which has been adopted more slowly in the US compared to other countries. Evaluating the performance of PPP projects compared to DBB and DB projects can help determine if PPP is a more effective delivery method in terms of cost and schedule performance.