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This method can provide a 3D map of the electric field in the whole sensor volume.
This technique can complement and aid in the interpretation of other electric field data, or provide electric field data where such instruments are not available.
This allows an accurate determination of the electric field.
An estimation of the electric field modulation with this model well reproduced the actual electric field observations carried out by EISCAT, which confirmed the validity of the model.
They are also suitable for assessing the dependence of the electric field on electric and geometric parameters.
On this basis, we are also able to explain how the relative contributions of the electric and magnetic field components within detected images depend on the chosen probe.

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