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How does contact angle and surface free energy of APTES modified clay changes? 


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The contact angle and surface free energy of APTES (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) modified clay are significantly influenced by the modification process. Studies show that surface free energy properties of clay can be altered by organic adsorbates. Additionally, the surface free energy of clay-coated paper was notably improved by plasma treatment, leading to changes in water contact angle and surface free energy. Furthermore, the addition of nanoclays (NCs) in asphalt binders resulted in increased surface free energy and cohesive energy, enhancing moisture resistance. Silica films modified with MTES (methyltriethoxysilane) displayed hydrophobic surfaces as the MTES/TEOS ratio increased, impacting surface free energies. Microorganisms were found to influence the surface energy of soil particles, affecting wettability and contact angle hysteresis.

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Surface energy and contact angle of APTES modified clay change due to microbial activity, altering hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity balance, surface heterogeneity, and chemical state, impacting wettability and hysteresis.
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