How enzyme is used in determination of water contamination?5 answersEnzymes play a crucial role in the determination of water contamination through various applications. Enzyme-based nanosensors offer a sensitive and stable method for detecting pollutants in water, providing a reliable tool for environmental monitoring. Enzymatic actions in biological treatment methods offer advantages over chemical and physical strategies, promoting clean and biodegradable approaches for wastewater treatment. Enzyme-based biosensors are highlighted as effective tools for real-time monitoring of toxic elements in water, with successful applications in detecting a wide range of pollutants at low concentrations. Novel parameters like enzymatic activity of beta-D-glucuronidase are introduced for rapid measurement of fecal bacteria contamination in water, enabling efficient water quality monitoring and process control applications. Automated on-line monitoring of enzymatic activities, such as beta-D-glucuronidase, showcases the potential for microbial water quality monitoring, although further research is needed to establish its full capacity as a rapid indicator of microbial contamination in water sources.
What are the disadvantages of using ethanol prebiotic extraction with enzyme-assisted extraction?5 answersThe disadvantages of using ethanol prebiotic extraction with enzyme-assisted extraction include low selectivity, poor yield, toxicity, and potential diminishing of bioactivity after extraction. Additionally, traditional methods like solvent extraction or maceration suffer from drawbacks such as low extraction rates, long extraction times, and high energy consumption. Enzyme-assisted extraction methods, on the other hand, offer advantages like increased extraction yield, improved production efficiency, reduced energy costs, and visually appealing final products in fruit juice manufacturing. Enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down complex polysaccharides in fruit tissues, enhancing the extraction process and overall product quality. Furthermore, enzyme-assisted extraction can be applied to various industrial domains, including pharmaceuticals, food, and specialty chemicals, due to its eco-friendly and sustainable nature.
What enzyme is used in the enzymatic extraction of P(3HB)?5 answersThe enzyme used in the enzymatic extraction of P(3HB) is Celumax® BC.
How to extract oil from fish?5 answersFish oil can be extracted using various methods such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE-CO2), enzymatic hydrolysis extraction after ultra-high pressure pre-treatment (EHSUP), modified soxhlet extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). In SFE-CO2, the oil is extracted using supercritical conditions of time, temperature, and pressure. EHSUP involves pre-treating the fish heads with ultra-high pressure before enzymatic hydrolysis. Modified soxhlet extraction uses solvents like ethanol to extract the oil. UAE and MAE are novel technologies that utilize ultrasound and microwave to extract oil from fish by-products. Each method has its own advantages in terms of oil yield, fatty acid composition, and extraction efficiency.
How to combine deep eutectic solvent and enzyme to extraction of phenolic compounds?5 answersDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been used in combination with ultrasound-assisted extraction for the recovery of phenolic compounds from various sources such as apple pomace, olive leaves, and brewer's spent grain (BSG). Choline chloride-based DESs have been particularly effective in the extraction of phenolic compounds. The use of DESs has shown higher extraction yields compared to conventional solvents like ethanol. The extraction process using DESs can be optimized by adjusting parameters such as temperature, water addition, and extraction time. Additionally, DESs have been found to be environmentally friendly and non-toxic alternatives to conventional solvents. The combination of DESs with microwave assistance has also been explored for the extraction of phenolic compounds. However, the specific combination of deep eutectic solvents and enzymes for the extraction of phenolic compounds was not mentioned in the provided abstracts.
What are the experimental methods other than enzyme assisted extraction are carried out for valorization of red capsicum?3 answersDifferent experimental methods other than enzyme-assisted extraction have been carried out for the valorization of red capsicum. These methods include distillation techniques such as steam distillation and simultaneous distillation extraction. Another method is Soxhlet extraction, where capsicum powder is extracted using tetrahydrofuran at specific temperatures and times, followed by reduced pressure filtering and distillation. Additionally, aqueous carotenoid-rich extract (ACE) has been developed through enzymatic liquefaction, which significantly improves the extract yield and total carotenoid content. Capsicum oleoresins have also been extracted using various methods such as water extraction, organic solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction. These methods are often preceded by pretreatments like chemical treatments, osmotic dehydration, and drying techniques. Overall, these different experimental methods contribute to the valorization of red capsicum by extracting valuable compounds such as carotenoids and pigments.