How does the acidic etching process affect the morphology and surface characteristics of Mg before analysis using SEM?5 answersThe acidic etching process significantly impacts the morphology and surface characteristics of magnesium (Mg) alloys before SEM analysis. Different etching solutions and concentrations are utilized for various Mg-based materials. For instance, nitric acid solutions at different concentrations are employed for wet etching Mg alloys, analyzing thickness reduction, surface roughness, and color degradation. Acetic acid etching is used to remove surface contamination from Mg-xGd alloys, affecting surface morphology and degradation rates. Additionally, H3PO4 etchant solutions are applied for creating microstructures on MgO substrates, influencing etching rates and surface roughness. Furthermore, hydrofluoric acid etching patterns on glass-ceramic materials demonstrate varied surface morphologies due to material composition and crystalline phases. Overall, acidic etching plays a crucial role in preparing Mg surfaces for SEM analysis by altering their morphology and surface characteristics.
What is SEM-PLS?3 answersSEM-PLS, or Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares, is a statistical method used to analyze complex causal relationships in data with a high degree of collinearity and limited sample size. It combines the strengths of both structural equation modeling (SEM) and partial least squares regression (PLS). PLS-SEM is particularly useful when there are a large number of variables and a limited sample size, as it can handle multiple dependent variables and examine both direct and indirect effects among latent variables. It is commonly used in various fields, such as social sciences, business, and economics, to measure and identify relationships between latent variables. PLS-SEM has been applied in studies related to career adaptability abilities among students, the impact of social capital on economic development, and the perceived value of flight ticket booking applications. It is also used to investigate the association between innovative human resource practices, organizational commitment, and innovation performance in small- and medium-sized enterprises.
How does microcomputed X-ray tomography vary from SEM?4 answersMicrocomputed X-ray tomography differs from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in terms of spatial resolution and sample preparation. SEM provides information from emission areas that are many micrometers in diameter and depth, while microcomputed X-ray tomography allows for three-dimensional imaging of biological samples using X-ray technology. SEM requires careful masking to prevent interference from X-rays emitted by surrounding materials, while microcomputed X-ray tomography uses a CdTe photon counting X-ray detector with energy thresholds to eliminate dark-current contributions and obtain X-ray photon counts in different energy windows. Additionally, microcomputed X-ray tomography offers the potential for material decomposition and improved accuracy of quantification by combining results from electron and X-ray excitation. It can be used to analyze internal tablet defects in drug product development, providing a quantitative assessment of fracture severity and supporting scale-up manufacturing.
How are SEM and TEM used in materials science?3 answersScanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are versatile techniques used in materials science for 2D and 3D characterization of materials. SEM and TEM provide high spatial resolution imaging and chemical characterization at the nano- to microscale. SEM is used for evaluating surface topography, grain size, and local chemistry of materials. It can capture micrographs that show differences among filler particles, binder, and thermal cracks in nuclear graphite. TEM, on the other hand, can provide detailed information about the content of different phases in materials, such as quinoline insoluble particles in nuclear graphite. It can also be used for orientation mapping and grain boundary characterization in materials after plastic deformations. Both SEM and TEM are valuable tools for understanding microstructural features of materials and have a wide range of applications in materials science.
What does SEM stand for in microscopes?6 answers
What kind of microscope is an SEM microscope?6 answers