Advantageous of Ni complexes with organic ligands as catalysts for Michael addition reactions comapred to other metals?5 answersNi complexes with organic ligands offer several advantages as catalysts for Michael addition reactions compared to other metals. These complexes exhibit high efficiency and enantioselectivity, making them valuable in asymmetric catalysis. The chiral Ni complexes have been shown to facilitate facial selectivity switching in Michael reactions, providing control over stereochemistry. Additionally, modifications of chiral diamine ligands in Ni complexes have led to the development of robust and recyclable catalysts with excellent enantioselectivities. Furthermore, nickel-based chiral bifunctional catalysts have been successfully designed for asymmetric Michael additions under base-free conditions, showcasing high yields and enantiomeric excess values. Overall, the unique properties of Ni complexes with organic ligands make them versatile and efficient catalysts for Michael addition reactions.
What is the mechanism of Ni corrosion?4 answersThe mechanism of Ni corrosion involves various factors as observed in different studies. Ni corrosion in water-contaminated LiPF6 electrolytes leads to the dissolution of Ni due to the generation of electrolyte-soluble corrosive species, impacting the SEI layer formation and degradation. Pulse current electro-deposition alters the growth direction of Ni particles, improving corrosion resistance by minimizing defects and providing a smooth interface. In a simulated tropical marine atmosphere, Ni in advanced weathering steel enhances corrosion resistance by promoting the formation of dense α-FeOOH, effectively separating aggressive ions like Cl−. High-velocity arc-sprayed Ni-Cr coatings with different compositions exhibit varying hot corrosion resistance, with Ni-50Cr coatings offering the best protection due to the formation of protective oxides. Accelerated nickel corrosion in decorative coatings is influenced by chloride, cupric, and ferric ions, with density functional theory calculations aiding in understanding the molecular-level mechanism.
What are the potential causes of the lower cycle performance observed in α-Ni(OH)2 (α-LNO) compared to β-Ni(OH)2 (?4 answersThe lower cycle performance observed in α-Ni(OH)2 (α-LNO) compared to β-Ni(OH)2 can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the poor stability of α-Ni(OH)2 in strong alkaline solutions due to intrinsic low electrical conductivity and retarded ionic diffusion impacts its cycling performance. Additionally, the transformation of α-Ni(OH)2 to lower-capacity β-Ni(OH)2 during cycling in alkaline electrolytes contributes to reduced performance. Moreover, the presence of interlayer NO3− in α-Ni(OH)2 can affect its rate capability and cyclic stability, with different anions like SO42−, CO32−, Cl−, PO43−, and OH− influencing the performance differently. Understanding and addressing these factors are crucial for improving the cycling stability and overall performance of α-Ni(OH)2 in comparison to β-Ni(OH)2.
Explain why cellulose activity was decreased in the presence of Ni 2 ?5 answersThe activity of cellulose was decreased in the presence of Ni due to the addition of alkali and alkaline earth metals on the surface of the Ni catalysts. The introduction of these metals resulted in a considerable increase in the production of hydrogen during cellulose conversion. Additionally, the catalyst modified by calcium showed the highest hydrogen yield. In contrast, the Ni/CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts exhibited efficient hydrogen production in the cellulose conversion process, and their activity decreased slower than the Ni/ZrO2 sample. The decrease in cellulose activity in the presence of Ni may be attributed to the composition and surface properties of the catalysts, such as acidity and surface area.
How does the Ni change to NiO in KOH solution as potential applied?5 answersNiFe-LDH/Ni(OH)2 composite electrocatalyst shows improved electrocatalytic performance in alkaline conditions compared to single-phase NiFe-LDH or Ni(OH)2. Ni₃S₂ nanosheets grown on Ni foam with Mn²⁺ doping exhibit excellent properties for urea oxidation reaction (UOR). NiFe2O4 (NF) nanoparticles synthesized through a green approach show high specific capacitance and retention in supercapacitors. Ni/Ni0.2Mo0.8N/MoO3 nanorods demonstrate excellent catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). NiFe LDH/NiCoP@NC/NF catalysts exhibit enhanced OER catalytic performance with low overpotential and excellent durability.
What is the effect of mixing ZnO with Ni by sol-gel method?5 answersMixing ZnO with Ni by sol-gel method has been found to have various effects. The addition of Ni to ZnO thin films resulted in changes in the optical properties, such as transmission and band gap. It was observed that the band gap of ZnO decreased when Ni was added, indicating a shift in the optical properties. Furthermore, the addition of Ni to ZnO nanoparticles led to a decrease in the band gap and an increase in the photocatalytic activity in the visible light region. Doping ZnO with transition metals like Ni also affected the structural, morphological, electrical, and mechanical properties of the thin films. Additionally, the doping of ZnO with Ni, Co, or Cu salts in ZnO foams resulted in increased stability and reduced photocorrosion, although there was a decrease in photocatalytic activity. Overall, mixing ZnO with Ni through sol-gel method has shown to have significant effects on the optical, structural, and photocatalytic properties of the material.