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How magnetic nanoparticles are heated up? 


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Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be heated up through various mechanisms in an alternating magnetic field (AMF). One mechanism is Brownian losses, where the MNPs rotate and generate heat due to their interaction with the surrounding medium . Another mechanism is Néel relaxation losses, where the MNPs undergo rapid magnetization reversal, resulting in heat dissipation . Additionally, hysteresis losses can occur when the MNPs exhibit magnetic hysteresis and dissipate energy as heat . The heating efficiency of MNPs depends on factors such as nanoparticle size, concentration, and the properties of the surrounding medium . By optimizing these parameters, the maximum heating efficiency can be achieved for specific MNPs, making them suitable for magnetic hyperthermia applications . The ability to accurately measure nanoscale temperature gradients within the MNPs and the surrounding medium is crucial for engineering nanoparticles with high rates of thermal energy transfer .

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The paper states that magnetic nanoparticles are heated up under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) through two dominant heating mechanisms: hysteresis loss and relaxation loss.
The magnetic nanoparticles are heated up using an alternating magnetic field (AMF) in the presence of an external energy source.
The paper explains that magnetic nanoparticles can be heated up through two mechanisms: Néel relaxation and Brownian relaxation. These mechanisms depend on intrinsic properties of the nanoparticles and extrinsic properties of the surrounding media.
The paper discusses the heating mechanisms of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in magnetic particle hyperthermia (MPH). The MNPs are subjected to an alternating magnetic field, which generates heat through Brownian, Néel, and hysteresis losses.

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