Ammonia production from hydrogen5 answersAmmonia production from hydrogen involves various methods such as ammonia decomposition and cracking. Recent advancements focus on efficient hydrogen production without emitting carbon dioxide, utilizing catalytic materials and non-precious metals to enhance cost-effectiveness and efficiency. The process of ammonia production is crucial for various industries, including chemicals, explosives, and textiles, with significant global energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Technologies like plasma-assisted ammonia-cracking devices have been developed to optimize hydrogen production processes, considering factors like operating conditions and catalytic bed length. Additionally, the integration of ammonia production with hydrogen from renewable sources like water electrolysis or natural gas with CO2 storage is gaining attention for decarbonizing energy chains and achieving net-zero targets. These advancements underscore the importance of sustainable ammonia production from hydrogen sources for a greener future.
Ammonia production from biowastes4 answersAmmonia production from biowastes is a topic of interest for achieving sustainable ammonia production and reducing environmental impact. Biological approaches, such as nitrogen fixation by nitrogenase in heterogeneous hosts and ammonia production from food waste using microorganisms, have been developed. Engineering metabolic flux in Escherichia coli has shown promising results in producing ammonia from amino acids and amino acid-based biomass-like resources. Treatment of solid waste from biogas production using aqueous ammonia has also been explored, with lignin and dissolved carbohydrates and salts formed as products. Additionally, ammonia production from food by-products has been investigated as a potential method for utilizing waste resources, although impurities can affect productivity. The recovery of ammonia from biomass wastes is desirable, as it can be used as a fertilizer and a hydrogen carrier. Various methods, such as thermal cracking, fermentation, and gasification, have been explored for converting biomass wastes into useful chemicals.
How ammonia used to manufacture nitric acid?5 answersAmmonia is used in the manufacture of nitric acid through various processes. One process involves subjecting a stream of ammonia to catalytic oxidation, resulting in a gaseous stream containing nitrogen oxides. This gaseous stream is then subjected to a process of absorption of nitrogen oxides, which produces nitric acid and a tail gas containing nitrogen and residual nitrogen oxides. Another process involves vaporizing ammonia and oxidizing it to nitrogen dioxide, which is then absorbed in water to produce nitric acid. Additionally, a pressurized liquid ammonia filtration system connection device can be used for nitric acid production. Furthermore, there are energy-efficient and environmentally friendly strategies, such as electrocatalytic oxidation of N2 in air to produce nitric acid and electrocatalytic reduction of residual NO3- contamination in water to produce ammonia. Finally, a water vapor electrolytic process based system can be used for joint production of ammonia and nitric acid, utilizing air and water as raw materials.
What are the challenges to developing a green ammonia economy?5 answersThe challenges to developing a green ammonia economy include high production costs, limited geographical locations for ammonia bunkering, the need to ramp up current ammonia production, and the development of ammonia-specific regulations addressing safety and storage. Additionally, there are technoeconomic problems associated with ammonia's supply chain, such as the high capital costs and the large energy penalty and operational costs of blue ammonia. The whole lifecycle of ammonia must be considered for it to be truly zero-carbon, which presents a key challenge. Another challenge is the large-scale production and storage of hydrogen, which can be addressed by storing renewable hydrogen in the form of green ammonia. The cost of green ammonia is dependent on the cost of renewable electricity. Transitioning to green ammonia production will require a significant increase in renewable energy capacity.
What are the differences between green and traditional ammonia?5 answersGreen ammonia, produced using renewable energy sources, is cleaner and emits less carbon compared to traditional ammonia production. Traditional ammonia production using the Haber-Bosch process emits large amounts of carbon dioxide and consumes significant amounts of electricity. Green ammonia synthesis methods, such as electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and biocatalysis, have been developed to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Green ammonia can be produced under ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressure with low energy consumption, bypassing the traditional hydrogen-production section. It can be used as a hydrogen-rich carrier for hydrogen storage and transportation, offering advantages such as high energy density, easy storage and transportation, reliable safety, and no tail-end carbon emissions. The development of green and sustainable ammonia-synthesis methods is crucial for achieving global energy and environmental sustainability goals.
What are the new technologies for ammonia production ?5 answersNew technologies for ammonia production include the conventional H-B process with process optimization and CCSU technology, sustainable N-fertilizer production relying on air and water, electrochemical, photocatalytic, and thermochemical processes for hydrogen production from ammonia, and power-to-ammonia and biomass/biological based processes for renewable ammonia production. These technologies aim to reduce carbon emissions, increase energy efficiency, and utilize renewable energy sources. Some of these technologies have demonstrated competitive cost and high yield rates, while others are still in the development stage and require further optimization to be industrially relevant. The use of plasma catalysts and solid oxide electrolysis cells are being explored to improve the efficiency and reduce the energy requirements of ammonia production. Overall, these new technologies offer promising alternatives to traditional ammonia production methods and contribute to the transition towards a more sustainable paradigm in the chemical industry.