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What concentration of microplastics is found in wastewater treatment plant influent? 


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The concentration of microplastics (MPs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent varies across different studies. Studies have reported influent MP concentrations ranging from 17.1 items/L to 507 ± 70 MPs L-1 . Additionally, mass concentrations of MPs and nanoplastics (NPs) in the influent have been measured at 26.23 μg/L . Furthermore, research on MPs in industrial park WWTPs found total item emissions ranging from 3 · 102 to 8 · 104 MP m-3 . In a secondary WWTP, influent MP concentrations were observed to fluctuate, with the highest concentration after a campus event (62.3 particles/L) and the lowest during low-activity periods (19.7 particles/L) . These variations highlight the diverse levels of MPs entering WWTPs, emphasizing the need for effective mitigation strategies.

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The influent of the university wastewater treatment plant showed varying microplastic concentrations, with the highest after a campus event (62.3 particles/L) and the lowest during low-activity periods (19.7 particles/L).
The concentration of microplastics in wastewater treatment plant influent ranged from 3 · 102 to 8 · 104 MP m-3, with a median of 6 · 103 MP m-3 per IPWWTP.
The concentration of microplastics in the wastewater treatment plant influent was 17.1 (± 5.65) items/L, as reported in the study conducted at Setiabudi Jakarta WWTP.
The concentration of microplastics in wastewater treatment plant influent was 26.23 μg/L, with nanoplastics at 11.28 μg/L, as determined by pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
The influent of the wastewater treatment plant had a mean concentration of 507 ± 70 microplastics per liter (MPs L-1).

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