What is known about CDK-2 and viral infections?
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CDK-2, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase 2, plays a significant role in viral infections. It has been shown to interact with viral proteins and facilitate viral replication and synthesis of viral RNA . CDK-2 has been identified as a key host factor for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complex of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. Inhibition of CDK-2 impairs viral RNA synthesis and SARS-CoV-2 infection, making it a potential target for the development of antiviral drugs . CDKs, including CDK-2, have also been found to have critical roles in various other viral infections, although the molecular processes underlying their functions are not fully understood . Furthermore, specific CDK inhibitors, which have been developed for cancer treatment, show potential for repurposing as antiviral drugs. These inhibitors could be effective in combating both old and emerging viruses, providing a novel therapeutic strategy .
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| CDK-2 is not mentioned in the provided paper. The paper is about CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors and their role in inhibiting HIV-1 reactivation and promoting provirus latency in T cells. | |
25 Citations | CDK-2 is a cyclin-dependent kinase that plays a role in viral infections as both DNA and RNA viruses modify CDK function to favor viral replication. |
| CDK-2 is not mentioned in the paper. The paper is about protein kinase CK2 and its role in controlling viral infection and the generation of cancer cells, specifically focusing on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). | |
| CDK2 has been shown to modulate replication of RNA viruses and is hijacked by SARS-CoV-2 to promote viral RNA replication. CDK inhibitors hold promise as pan-coronaviruses antivirals. | |
| CDK-2's role in viral infections is not mentioned in the paper. The paper discusses the general functions of CDKs in viral infections but does not specifically mention CDK-2. |
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What is meant by CDK?4 answersCDK stands for cyclin-dependent kinase. It is a protein family that plays a crucial role in regulating the progression of the cell cycle and is involved in various cellular processes. Cyclin-CDK complexes control the transitions between different phases of the cell cycle by executing signaling, transcriptional, and enzymatic events. These complexes are regulated through complex formation, phosphorylation, stability, subcellular localization, and association with CDK inhibitors. CDKs are important in the pathogenesis of cancer and developmental disorders due to their connection to cellular proliferation. Additionally, CDKs signal via hundreds of differentially encoded targets at precise times to provide a temporally ordered phosphorylation pattern required for cell division.
What is the relationship between CENPT and CDK1?5 answersCENPT interacts with CENP-E and this interaction is enhanced in mitotic lysates. CENP-E is a kinetochore protein involved in chromosome congression during mitosis. The phosphorylation of TRAMM, a protein that interacts with CENP-E, is regulated by CDK1. CDK1 is a master kinase for mitotic progression and is responsible for phosphorylating CENP-C, another essential kinetochore component. The phosphorylation of CENP-C by CDK1 promotes proper kinetochore assembly during mitosis. Therefore, the relationship between CENPT and CDK1 is that CDK1 phosphorylates TRAMM, which interacts with CENP-E, and also phosphorylates CENP-C, both of which are involved in kinetochore assembly during mitosis.
What is the role of CDK in pancreatic cancer?5 answersCDK5 plays a significant role in pancreatic cancer by promoting invasion, migration, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro, as well as orthotopic tumor formation and systemic metastases in vivo. CDK hyperactivation is linked to the dependency on mutant KRas in pancreatic cancer cells, and inhibiting CDK1, CDK2, CDK7, and CDK9 has similar effects as knocking out KRas. AT7519, a CDK1, 2, 7, and 9 inhibitor, has been identified as a potent inducer of apoptosis in mutant KRas-dependent pancreatic cancer cells and has shown efficacy in suppressing tumor growth in relevant models. These findings suggest that CDKs, particularly CDK5, are potential therapeutic targets for degrading Ras signaling and treating pancreatic cancer.
What make DENV-2 is more virulent?5 answersDENV-2 is more virulent due to its ability to evade the immune system and cause more severe disease. In a study conducted in Brazil, it was found that DENV-2 strains isolated during a severe epidemic in 2008 were genetically distinct from previous strains and correlated with increased disease severity. Another study in Central India revealed that DENV-2 had a higher potential for immune evasion and prolonged viremia compared to other serotypes, which may contribute to its increased virulence. Additionally, research on the interplay between the mosquito vector and DENV-2 showed that the virus collected in mosquito saliva induced more severe hemorrhage in mice and had altered growth characteristics compared to culture-derived DENV-2, suggesting that the mosquito vector may contribute to the increased virulence of DENV-2. Overall, these findings highlight various factors that contribute to the increased virulence of DENV-2.
What does the CDK4 protein do during infection?5 answersCDK4 is a protein involved in the cell cycle progression. During infection, CDK4 plays a role in the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase activity. It assembles with D-type cyclins to form active protein kinases, which are important for cell cycle progression. In the context of H1N1 infection, quercetin, a natural compound, has been shown to inhibit the overexpression of CDK4 mRNA and protein caused by H1N1 infection. However, the specific role of CDK4 during infection is not explicitly mentioned in the abstracts provided.