What is the difference between damage associated molecular patterns and oxidation specific epitopes?
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Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are intracellular molecules released after injury, recognized by pattern recognition receptors, triggering inflammation . On the other hand, oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) are neo-epitopes formed due to lipid peroxidation, present on (lipo)proteins and dying cells, contributing to chronic inflammatory diseases . DAMPs like HMGB1, Hsp70, and IL-15 play roles in vitiligo pathogenesis, with targeted therapies improving disease severity . OSEs, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) epitopes, are generated during oxidative stress and apoptosis, triggering immune responses and inflammation, particularly in atherosclerosis . While DAMPs are released post-injury to activate the immune system, OSEs are specific epitopes formed from lipid peroxidation, contributing to chronic inflammatory diseases like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis.
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78 Citations | Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are broader signals of cellular damage, while oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) are specific targets within DAMPs, like malondialdehyde (MDA), triggering immune responses, particularly in atherosclerosis. |
| Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released after injury, activating innate immunity. In contrast, oxidation-specific epitopes are specific markers of oxidative stress, not necessarily linked to injury-induced immune responses. | |
262 Citations | Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are general danger signals, while oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) are specific neo-self epitopes formed from oxidized structures, recognized by the innate immune system for removal. |
12 Citations | Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released from damaged cells, while oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) are lipid peroxidation products that can trigger immune responses, contributing to chronic inflammatory diseases like NAFLD. |
| Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released during oxidative stress in vitiligo, triggering immune responses. Oxidation-specific epitopes are specific markers of lipid peroxidation, distinct from DAMPs in vitiligo pathogenesis. |
Related Questions
Do oxidation specific epitopes bind to Toll like receptor 4?5 answersOxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) have been shown to bind to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) according to the research. These OSEs, such as oxidized phospholipids, are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), triggering innate immune responses. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing oxidized phospholipids can stimulate TLR4-expressing cells, leading to inflammatory responses dependent on TLR4 and its co-receptor MD-2. The interaction between OSEs and TLR4 plays a crucial role in inflammation associated with conditions like atherosclerosis, providing insights into the pathogenesis of such diseases and suggesting potential therapeutic targets for intervention.
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