Is Indian Democracy fake?5 answersIndian democracy is facing challenges with the rise of fake news and misinformation, particularly in the context of political campaigns. Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India's democracy has been labeled as a "flawed democracy" and an "electoral autocracy" by democracy watchdogs, indicating concerns about deteriorating civil liberties and institutional autonomy. Despite these challenges, citizens express satisfaction with democracy, highlighting a complex dynamic where nationalist-populist leaders reshape politics while facing polarization and distrust. The essence of Indian democracy, rooted in governance by and for the people, is being tested by the spread of fake news and the evolving political landscape, necessitating a fresh analytical framework to understand the democratic challenges under BJP rule.
How AI can be manipulated to be 'toxic' with gender identity?5 answersAI can be manipulated to be 'toxic' with gender identity through various means. For instance, AI technologies like 'Perspective' developed by Jigsaw can inaccurately measure toxicity levels in LGBTQ content, potentially reinforcing harmful biases. Furthermore, the rise of deepfake videos, facial re-enactment, and artificial speech synthesis poses a threat to individuals' identities, including gender identity, by allowing unauthorized replication of voices, faces, and bodies. This manipulation can lead to digital exclusion and inequality, especially for marginalized groups like the non-binary community, whose identities may be misrepresented in AI-generated online advertising profiles, perpetuating societal biases. Such manipulations highlight the ethical concerns surrounding AI's impact on gender identity and the importance of addressing these issues to prevent harm and discrimination in the digital realm.
Are texts an ecologically valid form of manipulation?5 answersTexts can be considered an ecologically valid form of manipulation. Experimental techniques such as textual manipulation, which involves exposing readers to different versions of a text, and extra-textual manipulation, which involves presenting surrounding material to the reader, are used to study the effects of textual features and the reading context. The media plays a significant role in shaping public opinion through the content it presents, including negative appeals and invective beliefs. A computer method has been developed to represent natural-language documents in a vector form suitable for text manipulation operations. Analytical methods have been applied to examine power manipulation in existing translations of children's books. These studies demonstrate the use of texts as a means of manipulation and highlight the importance of considering the context and features of the text in understanding their effects.
How do political parties use digital propaganda to manipulate the public?5 answersPolitical parties use digital propaganda to manipulate the public by employing various strategies and techniques. They aim to manipulate public opinion, suppress dissent, and diminish activists' voices. One common method is the use of targeted informational address, also known as microtargeting, which involves tailoring campaign messages to specific social media users. Political parties also utilize the creation of online communities and the management of internet content to interact with electoral groups. Additionally, they employ manipulative strategies such as myth-making, where political myths are used to introduce illusory models of reality and shape public consciousness. These myths can be represented through linguistic means and stylistic techniques in election communication. The digital environment provides opportunities for controlling and manipulating the electorate's consciousness, making it easier for political parties to covertly influence public attitudes and behaviors.
What are the effects of media manipulation on people?5 answersMedia manipulation has various effects on people. The rise in media manipulation and the spread of disinformation has led to a rise in distrust of news sources. Studies show that people struggle to distinguish between fake news and other types of news, leading to a general dissatisfaction with traditional mass media. The media's negative impact on behavior has been observed, particularly among young people, who are influenced by propaganda and nationalist stereotypes. Manipulation techniques used by the media mix reliable and fake information, making it difficult to ban or remove false media information. However, media education and the development of analytical thinking can help counter disinformation and enhance media competence. Overall, media manipulation affects people's trust in news sources, their behavior, and their susceptibility to propaganda and disinformation.
What strategies apply users to deal with online manipulation?5 answersUsers employ various strategies to deal with online manipulation. One strategy is to develop digital skills that enable them to recognize and resist manipulative mechanisms. Another strategy is to rely on online evaluations and reviews to make informed decisions, although these can be manipulated by businesses. Additionally, users can be cautious and skeptical of online content, especially when it comes to product reviews, and exercise critical thinking to identify potential manipulations. It is important for users to be aware of the existence of manipulative practices and the potential harm they can cause to individual autonomy and economic interests. By understanding the tactics used in online manipulation, users can take proactive measures to protect themselves and make more informed choices in the digital world.