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Why mitotic cells are more sensitive to radiation therapy?

Chromosome instability

Mitotic catastrophe

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Mitotic cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to radiation therapy due to various mechanisms. Studies suggest that radiation induces mitotic chromosome segregation errors, leading to long-lasting aneuploidy and micronuclei formation, amplifying genome damage in cancer cells . Additionally, cancer cells resist irradiation by inducing regulated DNA breaks to prevent premature mitotic entry . Furthermore, microtubule-targeting agents like mebendazole sensitize interphase cancer cells to radiation by interfering with DNA damage response protein trafficking, independent of mitotic arrest induction . Targeting SP1, involved in tumor maintenance, with mithramycin A enhances radiation sensitivity in tumor cells by promoting mitotic catastrophe and suppressing cell death-related gene transcription . These combined factors contribute to the increased vulnerability of mitotic cells to radiation therapy.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Mithramycin A Enhances Tumor Sensitivity to Mitotic Catastrophe Resulting From DNA Damage. Bradley T. Scroggins, Jeffrey Burkeen, Ayla O. White, Eun Joo Chung, Darmood Wei, Su I. Chung, Luca F. Valle, Shilpa S. Patil, Grace McKay-Corkum, Kathryn E. Hudak, W. Marston Linehan, Deborah Citrin - Show less +11 more 01 Feb 2018-International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 7 Citations	Mitotic cells are more sensitive to radiation therapy due to enhanced mitotic catastrophe resulting from DNA damage, which is further potentiated by Mithramycin A targeting SP1.
Journal Article•DOI Cancer Cells Induce Delayed DNA Breaks to Resist Radiation Therapy. 06 May 2022-Cancer Discovery	Mitotic cells are more sensitive to radiation therapy because cancer cells induce delayed DNA breaks to resist radiation, preventing premature mitotic entry and enhancing the effectiveness of radiation treatment.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Numerical chromosomal instability mediates susceptibility to radiation treatment. Samuel F. Bakhoum, Lilian Kabeche, Matthew D. Wood, Christopher D Laucius, Dian Qu, Ashley M. Laughney, Gloria E. Reynolds, Raymond J. Louie, Joanna J. Phillips, Denise A. Chan, Bassem I. Zaki, John P. Murnane, Claudia Petritsch, Duane A. Compton - Show less +13 more 21 Jan 2015-Nature Communications 68 Citations	Mitotic cells are more sensitive to radiation therapy due to induced chromosomal instability, leading to micronuclei formation and subsequent chromosomal pulverization, amplifying genome damage and reducing cell viability.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI MND1 and PSMC3IP control PARP inhibitor sensitivity in mitotic cells Anabel Zelceski, Paola Francica, Lea Lingg, Merve Mutlu, Colin Stok, Martin Liptay, John Alexander, Joseph S. Baxter, Rachel Brough, Aditi Gulati, Syed Haider, Maya Raghunandan, Feifei Song, Sandhya Sridhar, Josep V. Forment, Mark J. O'Connor, Barry R. Davies, Marcel A. T. M. van Vugt, Dragomir B. Krastev, Stephen J. Pettitt, Andrew Tutt, Sven Rottenberg, Christopher J. Lord - Show less +22 more 26 Aug 2022-bioRxiv	Mitotic cells are more sensitive to radiation therapy due to PSMC3IP and MND1 depletion causing ionizing radiation sensitivity, impaired DNA repair, toxic RAD51 foci accumulation, and PARP inhibitor sensitivity.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Microtubule-targeting agents can sensitize cancer cells to ionizing radiation by an interphase-based mechanism. Daniel Markowitz, Grace Ha, Rosamaria Ruggieri, Marc Symons - Show less +3 more 24 Nov 2017-OncoTargets and Therapy 20 Citations	Mitotic cells are traditionally thought to be more sensitive to radiation due to DNA damage vulnerability. However, recent research suggests microtubule-targeting agents sensitize cancer cells to radiation independently of mitotic effects.

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