Showing papers on "Black hole information paradox published in 2001"
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual non-perturbative description for maximally extended Schwarzschild anti-de-Sitter spacetimes is proposed, which involves two copies of the conformal field theory associated to the AdS spacetime and an initial entangled state.
Abstract: We propose a dual non-perturbative description for maximally extended Schwarzschild Anti-de-Sitter spacetimes. The description involves two copies of the conformal field theory associated to the AdS spacetime and an initial entangled state. In this context we also discuss a version of the information loss paradox and its resolution.
1,034 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of precursors in the AdS/CFT correspondence was revisited, and it was shown that the precursor role becomes evident when one saturates a certain locality bound, which is a direct consequence of the spacetime uncertainty principle.
Abstract: We revisit the problem of precursors in the AdS/CFT correspondence. Identification of the precursors is expected to improve our understanding of the tension between holography and bulk locality and of the resolution of the black hole information paradox. Previous arguments that the precursors are large, undecorated Wilson loops are found to be flawed. We argue that the role of precursors should become evident when one saturates a certain locality bound. The spacetime uncertainty principle is a direct consequence of this bound.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the gravitational interactions between outgoing configurations giving rise to Hawking radiation and in-falling configurations and showed that when the latter are in their ground state, the near horizon interactions lead to collective effects which express themselves as metric fluctuations and which induce dissipation, as in Brownian motion.
Abstract: In this Letter we study the gravitational interactions between outgoing configurations giving rise to Hawking radiation and in-falling configurations. When the latter are in their ground state, the near horizon interactions lead to collective effects which express themselves as metric fluctuations and which induce dissipation, as in Brownian motion. This dissipation prevents the appearance of trans-Planckian frequencies and leads to a description of Hawking radiation which is very similar to that obtained from sound propagation in condensed matter models.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that near-extremal black holes are obtained by exciting the Ramond sector of the D1-D5 CFT, where the ground state is highly degenerate and the dual geometries for these ground states have throats that end in a way characterized by the CFT state.
Abstract: Near-extremal black holes are obtained by exciting the Ramond sector of the D1-D5 CFT, where the ground state is highly degenerate. We find that the dual geometries for these ground states have throats that end in a way that is characterized by the CFT state. Below the black hole threshold we find a detailed agreement between propagation in the throat and excitations of the CFT. We study the breakdown of the semiclassical approximation and relate the results to the proposal of gr-qc/0007011 for resolving the information paradox: semiclassical evolution breaks down if hypersurfaces stretch too much during an evolution. We find that a volume V stretches to a maximum throat depth of V/2G.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a quantum-induced (inflationary) brane Universe occurs in the bulk 5D AdS black hole in accordance with AdS/CFT correspondence.
Abstract: It is shown that a quantum-induced (inflationary) brane Universe occurs in the bulk 5D AdS black hole in accordance with AdS/CFT correspondence. Brane stress tensor is induced by quantum effects of dual CFT and the brane crosses the horizon of AdS black hole. Quantum-corrected Hubble constant, Hawking temperature and entropy are found on the brane (and at the horizon). The similarity between CFT entropy at the horizon and FRW equations is extended on the quantum level. This suggests the way to understand cosmological entropy bounds in quantum gravity.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that the thermal nature of Hawking radiation arises solely due to decoherence, and any information loss paradox is avoided because for closed systems pure states remain pure.
Abstract: It is argued that the thermal nature of Hawking radiation arises solely due to decoherence. Thereby any information-loss paradox is avoided because for closed systems pure states remain pure. The discussion is performed for a massless scalar field in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole, but the arguments should hold in general. The result is also compared to and contrasted with the situation in inflationary cosmology.
42 citations
01 Oct 2001
TL;DR: In this article, TASI lectures review the Holographic principle and discuss the black hole information loss that led to the idea of Black Hole Complementarity and subsequently to the holographic principle itself.
Abstract: These TASI lectures review the Holographic principle. The first lecture describes the puzzle of black hole information loss that led to the idea of Black Hole Complementarity and subsequently to the Holographic Principle itself. The second lecture discusses the holographic entropy bound in general space-times. The final two lectures are devoted to the ADS/CFT duality as a special case of the principle. The presentation is self contained and emphasizes the physical principles. Very little technical knowledge of string theory or supergravity is assumed.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the dispersion relation of quantum κ-Poincare algebra has been studied in the case of black hole radiation, which corresponds to field equations that are non-local in time and, depending on the sign of the parameter κ, to sub- or superluminal signal propagation.
14 citations
TL;DR: For superluminal dispersion, the outgoing black hole modes emanate from the singularity in a state determined by unknown quantum gravity processes as mentioned in this paper, which is not the case for subluminant dispersion.
Abstract: Since the event horizon of a black hole is a surface of infinite redshift, it might be thought that Hawking radiation would be highly sensitive to Lorentz violation at high energies. In fact, the opposite is true for subluminal dispersion. For superluminal dispersion, however, the outgoing black hole modes emanate from the singularity in a state determined by unknown quantum gravity processes.
13 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, an elementary introduction is given to the problem of black hole entropy as formulated by Bekenstein and Hawking, based on the so-called Laws of Black Hole Mechanics, and a variant of this picture that takes better account of the symmetries of general relativity is shown to yield corrections to the Area Law that are logarithmic in the horizon area.
Abstract: An elementary introduction is given to the problem of black hole entropy as formulated by Bekenstein and Hawking, based on the so-called Laws of Black Hole Mechanics. Wheeler's `It from Bit' picture is presented as an explanation of plausibility of the Bekenstein-Hawking Area Law. A variant of this picture that takes better account of the symmetries of general relativity is shown to yield corrections to the Area Law that are logarithmic in the horizon area, with a finite, fixed coefficient. The Holographic hypothesis, tacitly assumed in the above considerations, is briefly described and the beginnings of a general proof of the hypothesis is sketched, within an approach to quantum gravitation which is non-perturbative in nature, namely Non-perturbative Quantum General Relativity (also known as Quantum Geometry). The holographic entropy bound is shown to be somewhat tightened due to the corrections obtained earlier. A brief summary of Quantum Geometry approach is included, with a sketch of a demonstration that precisely the log area corrections obtained from the variant of the It from Bit picture adopted earlier emerges for the entropy of generic black holes within this formalism.
11 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the evaporation of photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter black hole by using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation and showed that the black body radiant spectrum of photons resembles that of Klein-Gordon particles.
Abstract: Hawking evaporation of photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter black hole is investigated by using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon depend on the time. It is shown that Hawking radiation of photons exists only for the complex Maxwell scalar $\phi_0$ in the advanced Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system. This asymmetry of Hawking radiation for different components of Maxwell fields probably arises from the asymmetry of spacetime in the advanced Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system. It is shown that the black body radiant spectrum of photons resembles that of Klein-Gordon particles.
PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.Lf
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a derivation of Hawking radiation based on canonical quantization of a massless scalar field in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole using Lemaitre coordinates and show that the Hamiltonian of the massless field is time-dependent.
Abstract: We present a derivation of Hawking radiation based on canonical quantization of a massless scalar field in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole using Lemaitre coordinates and show that in these coordinates the Hamiltonian of the massless field is time-dependent. This result exhibits the non-static nature of the problem and shows it is better to talk about the time dependence of physical quantities rather than the existence of a time-independent vacuum state for the massless field. We then demonstrate the existence of Hawking radiation and show that despite the fact that the flux looks thermal to an outside observer, the time evolution of the massless field is unitary.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that Belot, Earman, and Ruetsche (1999) dismiss the black hole remnant proposal as an inadequate response to the Hawking information loss paradox, and that, properly understood, remnants do offer a substantial reply to the argument against the possibility of unitary evolution in spacetimes that contain evaporating black holes.
Abstract: Belot, Earman, and Ruetsche (1999) dismiss the black hole remnant proposal as an inadequate response to the Hawking information loss paradox. I argue that their criticisms are misplaced and that, properly understood, remnants do offer a substantial reply to the argument against the possibility of unitary evolution in spacetimes that contain evaporating black holes. The key to understanding these proposals lies in recognizing that the question of where and how our current theories break down is at the heart of these debates in quantum gravity. I also argue that the controversial nature of assessing the limits of general relativity and quantum field theory illustrates the significance of attempts to establish the proper borders of our effective theories.
TL;DR: In this article, the theory of the microscopic modeling of the 5-dim. black hole of type HB string theory in terms of the D 1 −D −D 5 brane system is reviewed.
Abstract: We review the theory of the microscopic modeling of the 5-dim. black hole of type HB string theory in terms of the D
1–D
5 brane system. A detailed discussion of the low energy effective Lagrangian of the brane system is presented and the black hole micro-states are identified. These considerations are valid in the strong coupling regime of supergravity due to the non-renormalization of the low energy dynamics in this model. Using Maldacena duality and standard statistical mechanics methods one can account for black hole thermodynamics and calculate the absorption cross section and the Hawking radiation rates. Hence, at least in the case of this model black hole, since we can account for black hole properties within a unitary theory, there is no information paradox.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the effects of the coupling of the vacuum'reservoir' of information as part of the total information involved in any evolutionary process can be explained.
Abstract: What are the implications if the total 'information' in the universe is conserved? Black holes might be 'logic gates' recomputing the 'lost information' from incoming 'signals' from outside their event horizons into outgoing 'signals' representing evaporative or radiative decay 'products' of the reconfiguration process of the black hole quantum logic 'gate'. Apparent local imbalances in the information flow can be corrected by including the effects of the coupling of the vacuum 'reservoir' of information as part of the total information involved in any evolutionary process. In this way perhaps the 'vacuum' computes the future of the observable universe.
TL;DR: In this article, the analysis of the expanding horizon theory of Susskind in relation to the t Hooft holographic conjecture is shown to be impossible for a horizon to hide behind another.
Abstract: We numerically verify the analysis of the 'expanding horizon' theory of Susskind in relation to the 't Hooft holographic conjecture. By using a numerical simulation to work out the holographic image formed by two black holes upon a screen very far away, it is seen that it is impossible for a horizon to hide behind another. We also compute the holographic intensity distribution of such an arrangement.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explain the information paradox of black holes in terms of the quantum statistical mechanics of an underlying microscopic theory and present a summary of what has been achieved and what more needs to be done.
Abstract: In quantum mechanics, black holes behave like black bodies and they emit thermal radiation which is called Hawking radiation. Black hole evaporation leads to the 'information paradox'. In general relativity these properties follow from the fact that a black hole has a horizon. We explain this deep mystery in terms of the quantum statistical mechanics of an underlying microscopic theory. The microscopic degrees of freedom, for the class of black holes we discuss, are given by the collective excitations of a configuration of D-branes which occur in string theory. This article introduces the issues involved and presents a summary of what has been achieved and what more needs to be done.
TL;DR: In this article, the process by which a pure state can self-thermalize and appear to be described by a microcanonical density matrix was studied, in general terms, using a quantum mechanical version of the Gibbsian coarse graining that conceptually underlies classical statistical mechanics.
Abstract: We study, in general terms, the process by which a pure state can ``self-thermalize'' and {\em appear} to be described by a microcanonical density matrix. This requires a quantum mechanical version of the Gibbsian coarse graining that conceptually underlies classical statistical mechanics. We introduce some extra degrees of freedom that are necessary for this. Interaction between these degrees and the system can be understood as a process of resonant absorption and emission of ``soft quanta''. This intuitive picture allows one to state a criterion for when self thermalization occurs. This paradigm also provides a method for calculating the thermalization rate using the usual formalism of atomic physics for calculating decay rates. We contrast our prescription for coarse graining, which is somewhat dynamical, with the earlier approaches that are intrinsically kinematical. An important motivation for this study is the black hole information paradox.
08 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the AdS/CFT conjecture is hard to understand from the CFT where exactly Hawking's argument goes wrong, and it is difficult to understand where exactly it goes wrong.
Abstract: String theory seems to give a unitary description of physics in the neighbourhood of certain black holes. A nice example of this is the AdS/CFT conjecture, where processes in the near-horizon region of several black branes are described by a conformal field theory which is unitary. However, it is hard to understand from the CFT where exactly Hawking’s argument goes wrong.
TL;DR: In this paper, the decay of a spherically symmetric near-extremal charged black hole, including back-reaction effects, in the near-horizon region was investigated.
Abstract: We investigate the decay of a spherically symmetric near-extremal charged black hole, including back-reaction effects, in the near-horizon region. The non-locality of the effective action controlling this process allows and also forces us to introduce a complementary set of boundary conditions which permit to determine the asymptotic late time Hawking flux. The evaporation rate goes down exponentially and admits an infinite series expansion in Planck's constant. At leading order it is proportional to the total mass and the higher order terms involve higher order momenta of the classical stress-tensor. Moreover we use this late time behaviour to go beyond the near-horizon approximation and comment on the implications for the information loss paradox.
TL;DR: In this paper, the hypersurfaces of a foliation cannot be stretched too much, and the authors propose a new criterion that limits the domain of classical gravity, based on the assumption that the formation and evaporation of black holes is a unitary process.
Abstract: Results from string theory strongly suggest that formation and evaporation of black holes is a unitary process. Thus we must find a flaw in the semiclassical reasoning that implies a loss of information. We propose a new criterion that limits the domain of classical gravity: the hypersurfaces of a foliation cannot be stretched too much.