Showing papers on "Butt joint published in 1995"

Butt joint tensile strength : interface corner stress intensity factor prediction

Abstract: The asymptotic form of the interface corner stress field in a butt joint is discussed, and a failure analysis based on the stress intensity factor defining the magnitude of this asymptotic stress field is validated. A stress singularity of type Krδ(δ < 0) exists at an interface corner in a butt joint (i.e. where an interface intersects a stress-free edge). A simple relation defines the stress intensity factor K for an idealized butt joint composed of a thin elastic adhesive layer bonded between rigid adherends and subjected to transverse tension and uniform adhesive shrinkage. This stress intensity factor, referred to here as the free-edge stress intensity factor Kf, is applicable to both plane strain and axisymmetric geometries. The way that uniform adhesive shrinkage (thermal contraction) during cure alters interface corner stress fields is also discussed. When adhesive shrinkage is present, both constant and singular terms must be included in the asymptotic solution to attain good agreement with full f...

A two-dimensional stress analysis of adhesive butt joints of dissimilar adherends subjected to tensile loads

Abstract: By replacing dissimilar adherends and the adhesive with finite strips, the stress distributions in adhesive butt joints subjected to external tensile loads were analyzed strictly as a three-body contact problem using the two-dimensional theory of elasticity. The effects of the stiffness and the thickness of the adhesive layer, Poisson's ratios for the adhesive layer and the adherends, and external load distributions on the stress distributions were investigated by numerical calculations. In addition, the stress singularity formed at the edge of the interface was discussed. The analytical result was in fairly good agreement with the experimental finding concerning the strains produced on the adherends.

Real-time welding process control using infrared sensing

Abstract: The thermal distribution changes associated with gas tungsten are welding process were studied to identify and correct for weld joint offsets for butt joints These changes were experimentally measured using infrared thermography In the weld offset conditions the slope of the temperature distributions were found to be altered dramatically Not only did offset produce asymmetric temperature distributions but a steep increase in gradients was also observed These changes were then used to detect and correct initial errors in the position of the torch during the welding of straight and curved contours of perfectly fitted butt joints and joints with gap

Butt welding process using high density energy beam

Abstract: First, welding protrusions of two aluminum alloy plates are butted against each other, and an engagement projection of one of the aluminum alloy plates is brought into engagement with an engagement recess of the other aluminum alloy plate, thereby maintaining the butted state and defining voids in back of butt regions of the welding protrusions in a direction of irradiation of a laser beam. Then, the laser beam is irradiated to the butt regions to bond the welding protrusions to each other. The Al 2 O 3 films located on the surfaces of the welding protrusions on a back side in a direction of irradiation of the laser beam are pushed into the voids by a molten pool and hence, they cannot intrude into a weld zone to form a notch. By employing this arrangement in the butt welding using the laser beam, the need for a jig for maintaining the butted state of the aluminum alloy plates is eliminated and a butt joint having a high strength can be obtained.

Decorative adhesive coving process for matching synthetic surfaces

Abstract: A smooth, seamless arcuate-shaped inside corner is formed between a counter top and a splash board, both made from a filled polymer material. The counter top has a top surface, while the splash board has an end edge orthogonal to a front surface. The two articles are joined to form a butt joint therebetween, and a bead of a filled epoxy material is formed along the inside corner of the butt joint. A smoothing tool, which has a smoothing surface of the desired curvature, is used to smooth the bead. When cured, the bead matches the color and texture of the two articles and provides a smooth, seamless, arcuate-shaped inside corner. The filled epoxy comprises an epoxy resin and a hardener in a ratio of about 2:1 resin:hardener, together with a filler and/or a colorant. The filler comprises a mixture of alumina trihydrate and particulates in a ratio within the range of about 75:25 to 25:75 alumina trihydrate:particulates. In addition to joining counter tops and splash boards, the apparatus and method may be advantageously employed to join panels of shower stall walls, ceiling, and floor pan, whether edge-to-edge or edge-to-surface, to form an integral monolithic stall.

The strength of metal-matrix composite joints

Abstract: The mechanical performance of model butt joints between Al-matrix composites reinforced with continuous alumina fibers has been investigated. The joints consisted of thin metal interlayers of varying geometries and thicknesses, normal to the fiber direction in the composites. Materials were produced by pressurized metal infiltration into fiber preforms with prescribed discontinuities in them, thus ensuring matrix continuity through the interlayer and minimization of processing defects normally introduced in actual joining operations. Tensile strengths for reference composite specimens with volume fractions in the 60 ± 5 vol.% range were on the order of 700 MPa, compared with a matrix yield strength of σ 0 ≈ 100 MPa. Measured joint strengths were ∼250 MPa for interlayers of uniform thickness (60 and 300 μ m) wherein plane strain conditions predominated, and ∼170 MPa for interlayers of variable thickness (⩽ 6.4 mm) wherein conditions changed from plane strain to plane stress. The predominant mode of failure was interfacial debonding at an estimated local stress of ∼260 MPa. An upper limit to the joint strength was identified as arising from unstable cavitation in the metal interlayer, expected at a stress of ∼4 σ 0 . Possible avenues to increase the joint strength to a level consistent with that of the composite are discussed in light of the understanding of failure mechanisms emerging from these model configurations.

Joining device of steel ply of radial tire

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a joint having a great joining strength by enabling butt joint by bringing both ends of a steel ply wound around a molding drum to the other side from both the sides. CONSTITUTION:A groove opening 30g extending over the whole width of a molding drum 30 is formed at the time of expansion of the diameter, a both end butt part of a steel ply wound round a molding drum 30 is situated at a groove hole opening 30g, the both end butt joint part is placed among a pair of joint rolls 15, 15 positioning at the upper part and a pair of joint rolls 15, 15 positioning at the lower part and those Joint rolls 15 are allowed to run half of them by half of them toward one side or the other end part from the center of the groove hole opening 30g (in the direction vertical to the paper surface).

Wire rope end-joint and method for producing it

Abstract: The rope joint for a wire rope (1) has an end piece (2) connected to the end of the wire rope (1) firmly. The end piece and the wire rope (1) end are connected to each other by a butt joint.

Process for the production of a weld joint and conveying and storage containers produced according to this process for burned out nuclear fuel cartridges

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a welded joint for at least three components of a multiple butt joint In order to create the welded joint in the multiple butt-joint by welding from one side only, and to allow components to be fitted very securely to the completely covered face, the multiple butt-joint is created in such a way that at least a first and second of these components which can be welded together are positioned with a gap along their common seam; both the said components are provided with a recess in the region of the seam, said recess being bounded by both components in the direction of shrinkage at opposing surfaces; the abutting end of the third component is inserted into the recess where it fits positively; and once this jointing process is completed, the first and second components are joined by a weld seam It is proposed that the process should be used in the production of a transport and storage container for spent nuclear fuel holders

Inner butt joint device of large aperture pipe

Abstract: The utility model relates to a butt device for the pipeline construction, particularly the inner butt joint device of the large aperture pipeline. The inner butt joint device of the large aperture pipeline is mainly composed of a tension block (1), a fixed block (4), a pair of engaged gears (12) and (17), a traveling wheel (14), and a shaft (12). When the inner butt joint device of the large aperture pipeline is used, a screw rod is driven to rotate through a pair of additional stress gears; through the movement of the feed screw nut, the length of one side of the triangle composed of two tension beams and the screw rod can be changed, and the other both sides can outwards expand or retract. Accordingly, the tension block is supported to the upper side of the inner wall of the tube; two tube ends are aligned, or the tension block is loosened, and the butt operation can be completed. The inner butt joint device of the large aperture pipeline can be conveniently applied to the welding construction of the pipelines with all kinds of apertures (particularly the large aperture). The inner butt joint device of the large aperture pipeline has the advantages of simple structure light weight, convenient operation, etc.

Continuous butt joint welding for sheet metal, esp. vehicular body, panels

Abstract: A continuous butt-welding process and device for metal sheets, useful in particular for building car bodies in the car industry by beam welding, allow metal sheets laid on conveyor paths to be precisely joined and welded without the need to accurately align them. For that purpose, a special control of the metal sheets to be welded and seam position sensors are used.

Field coaxial cable connector

Abstract: The utility model relates to a field outer conductor which is a coaxial cable connector for a metal knitted net or longitudinal covering aluminum foil. At present, no special cable connector is used for the cable outdoors. The utility model provides a needle type joint, a penetrating connector and a butt joint for field use, wherein, the needle type joint comprises a pin plug, a metallic shell and a sealing section; the connection point of each component is provided with a sealing ring; the interior of the metallic shell is provided with an upper clamping ring, a claw-like contact clip and a lower clamping ring which are orderly arranged. The penetrating connector and the butt joint are also improved correspondingly. The utility model has the advantage that the waterproof property of the connector and the clamping force of the connector to the cable are enhanced.

Process, apparatus for roll seam welding of cans

Abstract: Roll-seam resistance welding of containers (esp. for food and drink) made of very thin sheet metal, is claimed. The seam is produced as a butt joint without use of wire. The appts. has a first rotatably driven roll head (5) with two electrodes (2,3) and an electrode cleaning device of continuous or discontinuous action, and a second roll head (8) without electrodes. By using a feed mechanism, the container shells (1) with abutting joint edges are fed to the roll heads (5,8).

Fatigue behaviour of laser and resistance seam welds in the automotive industry

Abstract: Summary This paper summarises fatigue strength in laser‐welded butt joints made of Fe P04‐UNI 8092 deep drawing steel with standard and galvanized surfaces. The Wohler curves obtained are compared with those of a series of seam‐welded joints, which have been subjected to special forging of the beads after welding. Fatigue behaviour is similar to that of the parent material since fracture does not occur in the beads or heat affected zone. Such results are of importance in the current review of design methodologies, when new possibilities are being offered by laser and tailored blank technologies.

Joined molding, and method for forming joint

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form a joint easily and integrally in a rigid and uniform manner by a method wherein two or more members formed from olefinic polymers are joined together and such a joint is covered or sealed with the norbornene resins obtained by reactive injection molding. CONSTITUTION:When a butt joint is formed between two polyethylene pipes 1, the outer peripheral faces of their ends are sandpapered and cleaned with methanol to remove residue and fat and oil therefrom and thereafter the pipe ends are aligned. After the pipe connecting part is sealed with a cloth-made pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 2, the connecting part is secured by two-piece dies 3a and 3b which are fastened together with bolts. Two reactive raw liquids are sent into a mixing chamber by using a gear pump to impinge the liquids against each other so as to mix them together and the resin mixture thus obtained (norbornene resin) is injected from an injection opening 4 and filled in a spacing 11 between the dies 3a and 3b. After the resin hardening, the dies 3a and 3b are taken apart and burrs are removed, thereby completing the joining operation.

An inelastic analysis of a welded aluminum joint

Abstract: Butt weld joints are most commonly designed into pressure vessels by using weld material properties that are determined from a tensile test. These properties are provided to the stress analyst in the form of a stressvs strain diagram. Variations in properties through the thickness of the weld and along the width of the weld have been suspect but not explored because of inaccessibility and cost. The purpose of this study is to investigate analytical and computational methods used for analysis of multiple pass aluminum 2219-T87 butt welds. The weld specimens are analyzed using classical plasticity theory to provide a basis for modeling the inelastic properties in a finite element solution. The results of the analysis are compared to experimental data to determine the weld behavior and the accuracy of currently available numerical prediction methods.

Torsional fatigue test for adhesive bonded butt joints

Abstract: A torsional fatigue test for adhesive bonded butt joints is presented. The apparatus for the test is a modification of the standard fixture outlined in the ASTM E 229 test for determining the shear strength of adhesive bonds subject to torsion. This apparatus is designed to be used on a universal testing machine and can be used to determine the fatigue life of adhesive butt joints under torsion. The fixture can be further modified to make it suitable for testing adhesive bonded shaft joints under torsion. Sample results from fatigue tests performed on a joint between steel and phenolic resin-cotton fiber laminate adherends are presented to show the viability of the fatigue test apparatus.

Bending strength of spruce end-grain butt-joints using resorcinol formaldehyde-based adhesives

Abstract: This paper presents a literature review of wood end-grain butt-joining and a study of butt-joined end-grain surfaces of sawn spruce heartwood (Picea abies Karst) using different resorcinol formaldehyde (RF)-based adhesive formulations. A general discussion of end-grain joining is also presented, based on the literature and on an analysis of joined samples. The analysis concentrates on bending strengths of the butt joints from surfaces directed both tangentially and radially when loading the beams containing end-grain butt joints. In some of the trials, the RF adhesive was impregnated into fibers as carrying media (i.e., a thin adhesive-impregnated mat between the two pieces being joined) to ensure a high retention of the RF adhesive in the end-grain surface. An increase in the bending strength was achieved by increasing the amount of resorcinol in the RF adhesive formulation by raising the solids content of the polymer used. The highest three-point bending strength value obtained was approximately 15 MPa, which was 20 percent of the bending strength of the straight-grained clear spruce. Both the conventional RF adhesive formulation and the fiber-carried formulation led to lower bending strength values (approximately 3 to 9 MPa (5% to 13% of the values for the clear spruce)). The low bending strength values and the large scatter in the case of the commercial adhesive formulation was presumably induced by the filler in the adhesive hardener. This type of hardener probably prevented uniform penetration of the adhesive. The low bending strength values for the fiber-carried adhesive formulation appear to be related to a porous glueline structure due to excessive penetration by pressure followed by capillary imbibition in earlywood, and a presumable shrinkage in the glueline during the curing of the adhesive. This porous glueline structure is particularly seen in the highly filled earlywood boundary region in the end-grain surface. It was observed with different microscopy techniques (light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) that the sawn end-grain butt-joined surfaces in this study were deformed despite the use of a circular saw that was sharpened and balanced three times. The need to develop an appropriate method or tool to obtain undamaged end-grain surfaces to ensure penetration and anchorage of the adhesive to undamaged wood end grain was mentioned in the literature 30 years ago ; that need still exists.

Method for laser beam welding in continuous rolling process of aluminum alloy

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the breakage of the weld zone by charging the CO2 laser beam in the narrow gap of the butt joint of a coil, and performing the scanning in the width direction of the coil by synchronizing the converging position with the wedge-shaped position by a pressing roll to perform the welding. CONSTITUTION:An aluminum alloy coil 2 is held by an upper surface press roll 10 and a lower surface press roll 11 to form the edge-shaped part on the butt surfaces 12. The laser beam is charged in the narrow gap to increase the energy density to melt both surface of the tip parts to be joined. The converging position of the laser beam is synchronized with the wedge-shaped position to perform the scanning in the width direction of the coil. The welding is performed in the condition where the pulse peak output density Pp(MW/cm ) of the laser beam satisfies the area of 70 X cxp(-20 X Pa) ) is the mean output density. This constitution allows the continuous operation of the rolling process.

Artificial antient tile

Abstract: The utility model relates to an artificial ditch-shaped pantile which is suitable for spreading the building roof, the ditch-shaped pantile is in flat butt joint, and the vision perception brought to people is identical with that of traditional glazed tile after the pantile is spread. The utility model is adapted to mechanization performing operations, and the utility model has the advantages of low cost, good sealing performance, air prevention, thermal insulation, water prevention, good shock resistance performance, etc.

Method of arc welding

Abstract: FIELD: welding, methods of arc welding of butt joints in particular, method is used in different branches of industry during manufacture of critical structures. SUBSTANCE: aim is to increase quality of welded joint. In process of arc welding tensions and deformations are decreased due to application of forced pressing effort in zone of welding joint. Force effort is applied in direction of welding by cutter in zone of decreased processing strength of welded metal taking off surface metal layer of welding seam height 0.1 - 0.2 thick. In the case metal volume levelling along seam length is exercised in case, seam formation along its length is nonuniform, that favorably influence on processing strength. EFFECT: increased quality of welded joint. 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Fatigue Fracture Characteristic of Friction Welded Butt Joint with Corrosion Pits.

Abstract: Studies on fatigue behavior of friction welded butt joints composed of similar carbon steel in ordinary atmospheric environment have revealed that the fatigue strength of the joint is higher than that of the base metal, but the joint shows the larger scatter of fatigue lives. On the other hand, results of corrosion fatigue tests on the joint carried out in artificial seawater indicated that, (1) the corrosion fatigue strength of the joint was almost the same as that of the base metal in long life region, (2) scatter of the corrosion fatigue lives of the joint bacame smaller with the increase in fatigue life in comparison with the case of base matal specimen, and (3) above mentioned characteristics were governed by corrosion pits preferentially generated near the weld interface.The main aim of the present study is to clarify the cause of the fatigue strength reduction by corrosion pits. For this purpose the joint and base metal specimens were immersed in artificial seawater at stress free condition to generate corrosion pits, and rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out on the specimens with corrosion pits near weld interface in ordinary atmospheric environment. Reference data were also obtaind by using specimens without corrosion pits. Results of the study clearly indicated that the corrosion pits near the weld interface decreased the fatigue strength of the joint. Fatigue strength reduction due to the corrosion pits was well correlated with the hardness at fracture site. Furthermore, the fatigue strength reduction factor took considerablely high value for the specimen immersed in artificial seawater during long time, which suggests that the other detrimental factor such as grain boundary corrosion gives the effect to decrease the fatigue strength of the joint with corrosion pits. Additionally, effect of corrosion pits on the fatigue strength reduction was discussed by replacing tentatively with the effect of circumferential notch.

Joining ends of profiled rubber strip and process equipment

Abstract: In a process for joining profiled rubber strips, esp. at corner areas of window seals, uncured rubber is vulcanised onto both cut ends of the strips which form a butt joint with each other. Process equipment includes a heated tool with two parts (3,4) holding press tools (23) between them. The lower press tool (23) has two profiled strip holders (27), the holder ends being open to each other with no gap between to allow profiled strips to butt up against each other.