Showing papers on "Carbon steel published in 1969"

The influence of specimen size, polycrystal grain size, and yield point behaviour on the fatigue strength of low-carbon steel☆

Abstract: I t is shown, by comparison of fatigue and yield strength results previously reported for several materials, that a rational explanation can be given of the seemingly complicated manner in which the fatigue properties of annealed low-carbon steel depend on the number of grains in a specimen cross-section, the polycrystal grain size and the yield point behaviour This dependence varies according to whether the fatigue stress is greater than, equal to, or less than the yield stress of the same material

Methods of coating rubbing surfaces and elements comprising such surfaces

Abstract: TO INCREASE THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF A ROTARY PISTON ENEGINE CASING ENVELOPE THE INNER SURFACE OF THE ENVELOPE IS COATED BY A KEYING FILM AND THEN A RESISTANT SUB-LAYER OF AN ALLOY OF STEEL AND NICKEL ALUMINIDES, THEN BY A THIN WEAR-RESISTANT LAYER OF NICKEL OR COBALT. THE SUB-LAYER IS FORMED BY FLAME-SPRAYING SIMULTANEOUSLY 90% TO 70% BY VOLUME CARBON STEEL WITH 10% TO 30% OF A MIXUTRE OF EQUAL PARTS OF NICKEL AND ALUMINIUM POWDERS.

Methods of coating surfaces and in elements comprising such surfaces

Abstract: THE INNER SURFACE OF A LIGHT ALLOY CRANK-CASE ENVELOPE OF A ROTARY PISTON ENGINE IS COATED BY SPRAYING A WEARRESISTANT LAYER THEREON. CARBON STEEL AND NICKEL ALUMINIDE ARE SPRAYED ON SIMULTANEOUSLY BY AT LEAST TWO OXY-ACETYLENE FLAME OR PLASMA FLAME GUNS. SPHERICAL GRAIN PARTICLES SUCH AS SIC, TIB OR BC CAN BE INCORPORTED.

Multilayer pressure vessel

Abstract: A multilayer pressure vessel and method of making same wherein the vessel has both a multilayer cylindrical body and at least one multilayer head, with an inner shell being formed of stainless steel or other metal resistant to hydrogen embrittlement and with the multilayer body and multilayer head being provided with means for relieving hydrogen pressure in the layers externally of the inner shell, whereby the outer layers may be ordinary carbon steel for both the body and the head without danger of hydrogen embrittlement.

Method of processing steel sheet or strip

Abstract: A METHOD OF PRODUCING FULLY-HARD, STRESS-RELIEVED PLAIN CARBON STEEL STRIP SUITABLE FOR USE AS CAN END-STOCK WHEREIN A LOW CARBON STEEL IS HOT ROLLED TO HOT BAND GAUGE AT TEMPERATURES WITHIN THE AUSTENITIC RANGE AND THEREAFTER RAPIDLY COOLED TO A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE AUSTENTIC RANGE PRODUCTING SMALL DISPERSED CARBIDES. THE STEEL IS COLD REDUCED TO FINAL GAUGE AND CONTINUOUS ANNEALED AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW ABOUT 1050*F. TO RELIEVE ROLLING STRESSES BUT AVOID SUBSTANTIAL RECRYSTALLIZATION. ON THE OTHER HAND, A STEEL STRIP SUITABLE FOR USE AS CAN BODY STOCK, I.E. HAVING LESS STRENGTH BUT GREATER FORMABILITY IF PRODUCED IF THE STEEL COOLED SLOWLY AFTER HOT ROLLING TO CAUSE LARGE AGGLOMERATED CARBIDES, AND IT THE FINAL CONTINUOUS ANNEAL IS AT A TEMPERATIVE BELOW ABOUT 1025*F., AGAIN TO RELEIVE ROLLING STRESSES BUT AVOID SUBSTANTIAL RECRYSTALLIZATION.

Endurance and wear resistance of steels with vacuum-diffused coatings

Abstract: The fatigue strength and wear resistance of steels St. 3, P-1, EI-802, and EI-612 after vacuum-diffusion chromizing, siliciding and boriding was studied. It was shown that the wear resistance of carbon steels is increased more than 20-fold by boriding, being approximately doubled by chromizing, and increased 1.3 times by siliciding. Of the alloy steels, only steel EI-612 has its wear resistance increased by vacuum chromizing. The fatigue strength was reduced in every case by 20–50%.

Method of manufacturing welded steel gratings

Abstract: A method of manufacturing welded steel gratings by resistance welding includes the use of jointing pads inserted between the alloy steel wires which are to be joined. The jointing pads are made of soft iron or low carbon steel so that they will be able to take considerable stress. Preferably the dimensions of the jointing pads are selected so that the pads will act as heat sinks preventing the wires from cooling too rapidly. Pads which are relatively large or have a high volume of surface ratio have been found to be desirable.

Valve spring processing

Abstract: COILED STEEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE SPRINGS ARE PRODUCED BY HARDENING CARBON STEEL WIRE, TEMPERING THE HARDENED WIRE TO AN RC HARDNESS OF 50 TO 51 AT ABOUT 700*F., COILING THE TEMPERED WIRE INTO SPRINGS, AND THEN STRESS RELIEVING THE COILED SPRINGS AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE TEMPERING TEMPERATURE AND TO A HARNESS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER THAN RC 47. THIS RESULTS IN A SPRING STEEL OF DEFINITELY HIGHER RESISTANCE TO RELAXATION IN SERVICE.

Steel alloy tubes

Abstract: Low carbon steel alloy tubes of high tensile strength The steel alloy contains less than 023% carbon, less than 05% silicon, from 100 to 150% manganese, less than 0040% phosphorus, less than 0040% sulfur, less than 030% copper, less than 050% chromium, from 0010 to 0080% aluminum, and the remainder of iron and impurities in an amount and variety which do not impair the desired characteristics of the alloy There is preferably not less than 020% silicon and from 100 to 135% manganese This steel after being rolled into a steel plate is welded into a steel tube of high tensile strength Also, the steel alloy is a killed steel and in particular an aluminum killed steel

Friction welded graphitic valve lifters

Abstract: A method and article are provided in the form of a valve lifter assembly wherein the wear plate of graphitic alloy steel is friction welded, by means of an inertia welder, to alloy/carbon steel tube to make up the lifter assembly.

Method for fabricating a metallic composite ingot

Abstract: THIS DISCLOSURE RELATES TO THE PRODUCT AND TO THE METHOD WHEREBY A METALLIC COMPOSITE IS PRODUCED HAVING A THIS STAINLESS STEEL CORE SANDWICHED BETWEEN TWO RELATIVELY THICK CARBON OR ALLOY STEEL OUTER LAYERS. THE COMPOSITE IS FORMED AT THE INGOT STAGE BY CASTING CARBON STEEL OR LOW ALLOY STEEL SIMULTANEOUSLY ABOUT A STAINLESS STEEL PLATE SUSPENDED IN A MOLD, WHICH PLATE HAS HAS ITS MAJOR SURFACES COVERED BY A PROTECTIVE LAYER SO AS TO CONTROL THE ALLOY DEPLETION THEREFROM. THE REUSLTING PRODUCT EXHIBITS EXCELLENT RESISTANCE TO PITTING AND PENETRATION IN THOSE CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENTS WHERE SUCH PHENOMENA ARE KNOWN TO BE A PROBLEM.

Carbon steel spring elements

Abstract: A CARBON STEEL COMPOSITION FOR SPRING ELEMENTS IS DISCLOSED WHEREIN THE STEEL INCLUDES CARBON, MANGANESE, FILICON AND BORON. IN ACCORDANCE WITH ITS CLASSIFICATION AS A "CARBON STEEL," IT DOES NOT INCLUDE NORMAL ALLOYING ELEMENTS, PARTICULARLY CHROMIUM. THE PRESENT STEEL IS PARTICULARLY CHARACTERIZED BY EXCELLENT DURABILITY AND FATIGUE LIFE AS WELL AS BY LOW COST. THE CARBON STEEL CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF ABOUT .50-.80 PERCENT CARBON, ABOUT 0.50-1.65 PERCENT MANGANESE, ABOUT 0.02-0.60 PERCENT SILICON, ABOUT 0.050 MAXIMUM PERCENT SULFUR, ABOUT 0.040 MAXIMUM PERCENT PHOSPHORUS, ABOUT 0.0005-0.007 PERCNET BORON, BALANCE MAINLY IRON.

Continuous Casting of Low-Carbon Steel Slabs by the Hazelett Strip-Casting Process

Abstract: The Hazelett Strip-Casting has the attractive advantage of rapid change of slab width and thickness. It was demonstrated during our program that width was easier to change than thickness.

Unpainted high strength low alloy steel

Abstract: PROPERTIES OF LOW ALLOY STEELS ARE DISCUSSED AND GUIDELINES ARE PRESENTED FOR THEIR USE IN BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION OF STEEL AND THE INFLUENCE THAT CERTAIN ALLOYING ELEMENTS HAVE ON IMPROVING ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION RESISTANCE OF STEEL ARE DISCUSSED. ALSO RESULTS OF AN EXAMINATION OF RUST FILMS ON EXPOSED CARBON STEEL AND CORROSION RESISTANCE LOW ALLOY STEEL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES ON EXPOSED SAMPLES OF THESE STEELS ARE DETAILED. /AUTHOR/

Resistance of Explosion-Bonded Stainless Steel Clads to Intergranular Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking

Abstract: Intergranular corrosion of stabilized austenitic stainless steel is not accelerated when this material is explosion-clad to carbon steel. Heat-treatment in the sensitization range causes c...

Composite welded ferrous article

Abstract: A low carbon steel weld deposit containing chromium up to 1.0, preferably 0.05-0.6, per cent. by weight, nickel 6.5-11, preferably 7-9, per cent. by weight, molybdenum up to 1.0, preferably 0.2-0.8, per cent. by weight and vanadium up to .12, preferably 0.04-0.09, per cent. by weight.

The Effect of Hardened Depth and Residual Stress on Fatigue Strength of Induction Hardened Steel

Abstract: The 0.45% carbon steel specimens, of which surface layers were perfectly quenched in various depth by induction hardening, were examined in the rotating bending fatigue test machine to ascertain the relation between fatigue endurance limit and residual stress. The result shows that both hardness pattern and residual stress together are not sufficient to be adequate to clarify the interrelations among the endurance limit, hardened depth and residual stress. Some more factors are required for the purpose. Therefore investigations must be made in that line.

Process for the Production of Hard Sheet Steel Of Low Carbon Content

Abstract: 1,154,422. Annealing steel sheet. RASSELSTEIN A.G. Aug. 19, 1966, No.37326/66. Headings C7A and C7N. Low carbon steel sheet is heated at not less than 500‹ C. per second to an annealing temperature within the range 780‹ C. -900‹ C., and after holding for not more than 5 seconds is quenched at an average cooling rate of not less than 250‹ C. per second to a temperature below 150‹ C. The sheet may pass continuously through apparatus in which it is heated by electron beam or by radiation, after which it is cooled by liquid spray or by passage over cooling rollers. The strip may then be flattened prior to rolling, or may be kept under tension during cooling.

A Magnetic Means of Monitoring Hardness Due to Heat Treatment in Steel Production

Abstract: A number of researchers have reported work of varying degrees of success in determining mechanical hardness by magnetic means. The methods reported fall into the two categories of static testing (dc) or dynamic testing (ac). This paper describes a method of testing which is named the "differential" method. Since mechanical hardness is affected by many factors, several of which have no effect on magnetic properties, a universal hardness tester operating on magnetic properties would be impossible to develop; however, this paper describes how a magnetic means is employed to compare the hardness of a given material to a sample of the same material of known hardness. Test results are presented for carbon steel (AISI 1095) and alloy steel (AISI 4150).