Showing papers on "Emoticon published in 2013"

Emoticon Style: Interpreting Differences in Emoticons Across Cultures

Abstract: Emoticons are a key aspect of text-based communication, and are the equivalent of nonverbal cues to the medium of online chat, forums, and social media like Twitter. As emoticons become more widespread in computer mediated communication, a vocabulary of different symbols with subtle emotional distinctions emerges especially across different cultures. In this paper, we investigate the semantic, cultural, and social aspects of emoticon usage on Twitter and show that emoticons are not limited to conveying a specific emotion or used as jokes, but rather are socio-cultural norms, whose meaning can vary depending on the identity of the speaker. We also demonstrate how these norms propagate through the Twitter @-reply network. We confirm our results on a large-scale dataset of over one billion Tweets from different time periods and countries.

Custom emoticon generation

Abstract: Systems and methods of dynamically generating a customized emoticon palette are disclosed. An emoticon generation system identifies, according to content analysis, features and associated intended indications extracted from a textual message on a mobile device which are embedded into an emoticon. The sender may select and insert one or more emoticons into a text message. The emoticon is then transmitted from the sender to the recipient along with the associated intended indication such that the recipient can interpret the intended indication when the emoticon is displayed.

A :) Is Worth a Thousand Words: How People Attach Sentiment to Emoticons and Words in Tweets

Abstract: Emoticons are widely used to express positive or negative sentiment on Twitter. We report on a study with live users to determine whether emoticons are used to merely emphasize the sentiment of tweets, or whether they are the main elements carrying the sentiment. We found that the sentiment of an emoticon is in substantial agreement with the sentiment of the entire tweet. Thus, emoticons are useful as predictors of tweet sentiment and should not be ignored in sentiment classification. However, the sentiment expressed by an emoticon agrees with the sentiment of the accompanying text only slightly better than random. Thus, using the text accompanying emoticons to train sentiment models is not likely to produce the best results, a fact that we show by comparing lexicons generated using emoticons with others generated using simple textual features.

Method for searching emoticons through facial expression

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for searching emoticons through facial expression, and the method relates to an image collection device, an expression recognition module exchanging information with the image collection device and a network interaction module exchanging information with the expression recognition module; the network interaction module can manage emoticons representing different facial expressions; the image collection device converts the image information to an electric signal to be transmitted to the expression recognition module, the expression recognition module recognizes an expression to be tested according to the image information, and the network interaction module finds an emoticon corresponding to the expression to be tested and displays the emoticon Through the technical scheme, the emoticons in an internet interactive tool can be rapidly and conveniently transmitted, and the entertainment is stronger for the computer entertainment enthusiasts

Creation and context-aware presentation of customized emoticon item sets

Abstract: Embodiments provide context-aware inclusion of emoticon item sets in applications and/or services. The emoticon item sets include a plurality of emoticon images or other emoticons. A computing device creates custom emoticon item sets for each of the applications. Based on a determined execution context, the computing device selects the emoticon item set and presents the selected emoticon item set for use within the execution context by a user of the computing device.

Method and apparatus for displaying emoticon

Abstract: Various embodiments provide methods and apparatus for displaying an emoticon. In an exemplary method, an instant message can be received and a pre-set keyword contained in the instant message can be determined. An emoticon corresponding to the pre-set keyword contained in the instant message can then be obtained and displayed on a chat interface displaying the instant message. Accordingly, an exemplary apparatus for displaying an emoticon can include a first obtaining module, a second obtaining module, and/or a displaying module.

Emoticon generation using user images and gestures

Abstract: An embodiment provides a method, including: detecting, at an information handling device, a trigger event for insertion of an emoticon into a messaging application; providing, using a processor of the information handling device, an emoticon derived from one or more of an image of a user and a gesture of a user; after the trigger has been detected, inserting, using the processor, the emoticon into the text portion of the chat application. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Emoticon Recommendation for Japanese Computer-Mediated Communication

Abstract: This paper describes the development of an emoticon recommendation system based on emoticons numerically categorized by emotion. The emoticon recommendation system aims to help users express their feelings in computer-mediated communication by recommending emoticons appropriate to user input. In order to develop this system, the original emoticon database, a table of emoticons with the points expressed from each of 10 distinctive emotions, was developed. An evaluation experiment showed that 71.3% of user-selected emoticons were among the top 10 emoticons recommended by the proposed system. Moreover, we compared the proposed system to the current system used in iPhone by adopting a semantic differential (SD) scale of 1-7. The results showed that the proposed system scored higher than the current system by 1.05 points in ease of choice, 0.55 points in accuracy, and 0.55 points in specificity. We plan to make our proposed method open source, so that any developer can build in their own interfaces and enhance their own input methods using these emoticon recommendation systems.

Emoticon recommendation system for effective communication

Abstract: The existence of social media has made computer-mediated communication more widespread among users around the world. This paper describes the development of an emoticon recommendation system that allows users to express their feelings with their input. In order to develop this system, an innovative emoticon database consisting of a table of emoticons with points expressed from each of 10 distinctive emotions was constructed. An evaluation experiment showed that 71.3% of user-selected emoticons were among the top 10 emoticons recommended by the proposed system.

Mirror, Mirror on the Screen, What Does All this ASCII Mean?: A Pilot Study of Spontaneous Facial Mirroring of Emotions

Abstract: Though an ever-increasing mode of communication, computer-mediated communication (CMC) faces challenges in its lack of paralinguistic cues, such as vocal tone and facial expression. Researchers suggest that emoticons fill the gap left by facial expression (Rezabek & Cochenour, 1998; Thompson & Foulger, 1996). The fMRI research of Yuasa, Saito, and Mukawa (2011b), in contrast, finds that viewing ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) emoticons (e.g., :), :( ) does not activate the same parts of the brain as does viewing facial expressions. In the current study, an online survey was conducted to investigate the effects of emoticons on perception of ambiguous sentences and users’ beliefs about the effects of and reasons for emoticon use. In the second stage of the study, eleven undergraduate students participated in an experiment to reveal facial mimicry responses to both faces and emoticons. Overall, the students produced more smiling than frowning gestures. Emoticons were found to elicit facial mimicry to a somewhat lesser degree than photographs of faces, while male and female participants differed in response to both ASCII emoticons and distractor images (photos of non-human, non-facial subjects used to prevent participants from immediately grasping the specific goal of the study). This pilot study suggests that emoticons, though not analogous to faces, affect viewers in ways similar to facial expression whilst also triggering other unique effects.

Microblog sentiment analysis based on emoticon networks model

Abstract: With the repaid development of Internet and communication technologies, microblog has become a valuable social media for public sentiment analysis. Emoticons, strongly associated with subjectivity and sentiments, are also increasing popular for users to directly express their feelings, emotions and moods in microblog platforms. In this paper, we address the problem of public sentiment analysis by leveraging emoticons, and develop emoticon networks approaches. Based on large-scale corpus, we use FP-growth algorithm combining with retrieve distance to aggregate similar emoticons, and build emoticon networks model based on Mutual Information. Then, we propose a microblog orientation analysis framework for both emoticon messages and non-emoticon messages. Experimental evaluations show that our approach could perform effectively for microblog sentiment analysis. Although we worked with Chinese in our research, the technique can be used with any other language.

Apparatus and method for producing animated emoticon

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing an animated emoticon are provided. The method includes producing a plurality of frames that constitute the animated emoticon; inputting at least one object for each of the plurality of frames; producing object information for the input object; and producing structured animated emoticon data that include each of the plurality frames and the object information.

Role of Emoticons in Sentence-Level Sentiment Classification

Abstract: Automated sentiment extraction from social media is enabling technology to support gathering online customer insights. The basic sentiment extraction is semantic classification of a text unit as positive or negative using lexical and/or contextual clues in a natural language system. From the input side, it is observed that social media as a sub-language often uses emoticons mixed with text to show emotions. Most emoticons, e.g. :=), are not natural language words, but textual symbols using characters to present a smiley face. Intuitively, such symbols are innately associated with emotions, whether happy, annoyed or don’t care, hence important clues for helping sentiment classification. Previous research has involved the limited use of emoticons as noisy labels in sentiment learning but detailed study on how noisy or useful they are has not been done. This paper presents a comprehensive data analysis study of the role of emoticons in sentence level sentiment classification. Various investigations are conducted on a fairly large annotated social media corpus, selected by our consumer insight analytics system. This corpus consists of 40,548 sentiment-rich sentences which business users are truly interested in mining. The study shows that the consistency between positive/negative emoticons with human judgment in this corpus is as high as 75.2%. Another larger randomly selected corpus consisting of 300,000 sentences from social media shows its consistency with human judgment to be 40.1%. A further study finds that emoticons’ recall contribution to sentiment classification is moderate, nevertheless, the data containing emoticons and brands are guaranteed to be quality social media representing customers’ voice instead of businesses’ voice such as press news. In addition, emoticon is an additional factor to help extract sentiments where other linguistic clues are insufficient.

Method for providing instant messaging service using dynamic emoticon and mobile phone therefor

Abstract: PURPOSE: An instant messaging service providing method using a dynamic emoticon and a portable terminal thereof are provided to construct a preview window which dynamically displays an emoticon corresponding to a thumbnail image selected by a user. CONSTITUTION: An input processing unit(203) displays a virtual keyboard corresponding to a touch gesture of a user. The input processing unit displays an emoticon selecting window including thumbnail images in response to the touch gesture of the user. When the emoticon selecting window is displayed, a dynamic emoticon processing unit(204) identifies a thumbnail image selected by the user. The dynamic emoticon processing unit overlays a preview window including the selected thumbnail image on a message input window. [Reference numerals] (200) Mobile terminal; (201) Memory; (202) Chatting window processing unit; (203) Input processing unit; (204) Dynamic emoticon processing unit

Verbal and Visual Expression of Emotions on Kaskus: a Semiotic Study

Abstract: This research investigates the types of emoticons which occured on Kaskus. This is a qualitative research. The writer take the data from Kaskus, therefore it is a forum in the internet which has grown to be one of the most popular websites in Indonesia. To identify the types of Emotions on Kaskus, the writer analyzed the data using Ekman (2003) . From the discussions, there are verbal and non verbal sign in the emoticons that appear on Kaskus. The meaning of verbal sign and nonverbal sign in emoticon “marah” represents anger emotion. Emoticon “Ngakak” and “thumbup” represent enjoyable emotion. Emoticon “Sorry” and “Cool” represent sadness emotion. For future studies need to be conducted with an increased sample by using another media such as Whatsapp, YM, etc.

Message transmission history emoticon changing system and method

Abstract: PURPOSE: A system for changing an emoticon or a character corresponding to the message transmission history and a method thereof are provided to develop, reduce, or change an emoticon or a character selected in a user terminal depending on whether the detected word is a positive word or a negative word. CONSTITUTION: An emoticon development unit(230) develops or reduces an emoticon or a character selected in a user terminal, based on the numerical value of a word which is converted by a word numerical value conversion unit. An emoticon state transmission unit(240) stores the state of the emoticon or the character which is developed or reduced by the emoticon development unit. The emoticon state transmission unit transmits the state of the emoticon or the character to the user terminal. [Reference numerals] (110) Message; (200,AA,FF) User server; (210,BB,GG) Detection unit; (220,CC,HH) Language numerical value conversion unit; (230,DD,II) Emoticon development unit; (240,EE,JJ) Emoticon state transmission unit; (300) Integrated server; (310) Emoticon storage unit; (320) Language storage unit; (330) Language providing unit; (340) New language registration unit; (350) Server connection unit;

Emoticons Signal Expertise in Technical Web Forums

Abstract: Past research has demonstrated intercultural differences in emoticon use with effects of the topic of discourse (e.g. science vs. politics) interacting with the culture of online postings (e.g. UK, Italy, Sweden, Germany). The current research focuses within a discourse, and within a lingua franca for communication and attempts to assess whether emoticon use varies as a function of user-type within the online context. The online context is a web user-forum associated with a software technology company. The user categories are determined by a few orthogonal classifications: employees, novice users, and experts; recipients of kudos vs. non-recipients of kudos; etc. As part of a developing theory of presentation of “professional” selves, and perceptions thereof, we test the hypotheses that kudo recipients deploy markedly fewer negative emoticons than comparison categories and that non-employee experts use markedly more emoticons in general than other categories of forum users. Also interactivity across the different group of users and their correlation with emoticon use was explored.

Method for using user-defined emoticon in community service

Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for using a user-defined emoticon in a community service is provided to enable a user to generate the emoticon by using the face expression of the user, thereby increasing user interest CONSTITUTION: A control unit executes an emoticon generation program according to a user command which is inputted through a user input unit (S101) The control unit executes the emoticon generation program and outputs the execution screen to a display unit The control unit drives a camera according to user input and photographs a set of user face information for each emotion type (S102) The control unit receives an emotion expression text, which defines the user face information, from a user input unit (S103) The control unit generates an emoticon by composing a background image and the user face information (S105) The generated emoticon and the corresponding text are stored in a database (S106) [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S101) Execute an emoticon generation program; (S102) Input a face information image; (S103) Define an emotion expression text for the face information image; (S104) Select a background image; (S105) Generate a user definition emoticon by composing the face information image and the background image; (S106) Store the user definition emoticon

Mobile communication terminal, emoticon input support system, emoticon input support method, and program

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a user with a use mode of emoticons of another user on what type of emoticon the other user uses for any character string (a sentence and a keyword).SOLUTION: The mobile communication terminal for supporting an input of an emoticon to be inserted in a character string that is input by a user during booting of a character input function includes: emoticon display means that displays emoticons associated with a retrieval word corresponding to the character string on a display section on the basis of a combination between the retrieval word and the emoticons stored in external memory means; emoticon insertion means that inserts image data of an emoticon selected by the user out of the emoticons displayed on the display section; and registration means that registers a combination of the retrieval word and the emoticon that has not been registered in the external storage means, in the external storage means.

Method for implementating interactive emoticon in mobile-device, and mobile-device with interactive emoticon implementation function

Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for outputting an interactive emoticon in a mobile terminal and a mobile terminal comprising interactive emoticon output function are provided to provide the interactive emoticon applied with multi-modal concept by adding audible or tactile feedback to the conventional visualized general emoticon. CONSTITUTION: An extraction module (121) receives a text message including at least more than one interactive emoticon. The extraction module acquires pre-set reading speed information about a user of a mobile terminal. A judgment module (122) judges the reading timing of each interactive emoticon on the basis of the reading speed information in the text message including the interactive emoticon. When it is judged to be the reading timing of the interactive emoticon, the judgment module extracts visual output information and audible output information of the interactive emoticon corresponding to the reading timing. [Reference numerals] (100) Smartphone; (110) Touch screen; (111) Transceiving unit; (120) Control unit; (121) Extraction module; (122) Judgment module; (130) Storage unit

The Function and Relationship of Verbal and Nonverbal Cues in IM Interpersonal Communication

Abstract: Chatting by instant messaging (IM) is a very popular way of computer-mediated communication. QQ is the most popular instant messaging in China. This research attempts to examine the function and relationship of verbal cues (topics) and nonverbal cues (emoticons) in IM interpersonal communication by using quantitative research method. Results show that one kind of emoticon using and three kinds of topics discussed can predict the behavior of QQ interpersonal communication. We term this kind of emoticon ‘expect-responsive’ emoticon.

Method and device for processing animated emoticon

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of communications terminals, and provides a method and a device for processing an animated emoticon. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an emoticon state of an animated emoticon sent by each of multiple clients or acquiring emoticon states of animated emoticons sent by any two of multiple clients; acquiring, according to a preset animated emoticon judgment rule, a judgment result of the emoticon states of the animated emoticons sent by the multiple clients; outputting the judgment result to the multiple clients respectively for displaying. By performing interactive processing on multiple states of animated emoticons sent by multiple clients that are currently involved in communications and performing animated emoticon interaction, an interactive operation on animated emoticons sent by multiple mobile-terminal-based clients is implemented, an interaction result can be displayed, and the user experience is greatly improved.

일본 신문광고에 사용된 통신언어에 관한 고찰

Abstract: This study examined the functions of special characters and supplementary symbols with focus on them among different aspects of communication languages used in the catch copy of Japanese newspaper ads. The research has revealed that usage of such communication languages highlight the messages of ads and stress the image of context. When the changes in the aspects of communication languages were examined by era and business type, there were no cases where special characters and supplementary symbols were used during the first stage, whereas there were the most number of cases where special characters and supplementary symbols were used during the second stage. When the roles of special characters and supplementary symbols were analyzed through specific examples, there was only one case where special characters (emoticon) were used; the reason why special characters were hardly used as advertising language is perhaps because of the concerns about rejection of viewers and adverse effects. As for supplementary symbols, musical notes, hearts and stars were used the most; musical notes and hearts were attached to the end of sentences to stress the rhythms of entire sentences, and stars stressed the visual aspects. In addition, general punctuation marks were used in the middle or at the end of sentences; it indicates that punctuation marks can enable a newspaper catch copy, a form of written language, to contain an auditory image and therefore to be perceived as a spoken language.