Showing papers on "Facial expression published in 1973"

Aspects of nonverbal communication in Japan.

Abstract: The characteristics of Japanese nonverbal behavior are described and explained in terms of the historical and social factors peculiar to Japan.

Communicating with an autistic boy by gestures.

Abstract: Following unsuccessful attempts to teach a 6-year-old, mute autistic-retarded boy to follow simple verbal instructions, an effort, described in the case study, was made to train the child to comply with gestural commands. It is reported that the latter part of the program worked well, resulting in the boy's ability to follow instructions to stand up, sit down, turn around, turn an object over, go to another person, and give an object to someone else. Also, other activities began to come under gestural control, and the child learned to instruct a person to stand up. It is further suggested that the acquired behavior did not require much time or effort to establish (24 one-hour sessions, none of which totally devoted to gestural training). The results and potentialities of the described training procedure are discussed in light of recent findings by other researchers.

The functional significance of autistic behaviors for the psychotic child.

Abstract: Physiological, cognitive, and emotional factors were examined throughout the treatment of a psychotic child. Heart rate, latency and accuracy in task performance, behavioral indices of stress (e.g., muscular tension, facial expression), and frequency of autistic mannerisms were measured concurrently. Both contemporaneous relationships and patterns of change suggested that autistic behaviors were organized and psychologically meaningful. Self-stimulation, conflict, and negativism (deliberate erroneous performance) occurred predictably, were intimately related, and were associated with specific patterns of heart-rate change. The changing function of self-stimulation across treatment and the centrality of negativism in this child's disturbance were discussed.

Asymmetric crying facies and congenital anomalies.

Abstract: Perlman, M., and Reisner, S. H. (1973). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 48, 627. Asymmetric crying facies and congenital anomalies. The frequency of hypoplasia of the depressor anguli oris muscle in a newborn population was 41 in 6360 (1 in 155). No adverse factors were noted in the obstetric background of affected infants and the pathogenesis of the lesion is not clear. The incidence of associated congenital anomalies detected in the newborn period was 2 in 41 (4. 9%). The lesion

Neuromuscular Control of Trumpeters' Lips

Abstract: SCIENTIFIC experiments on musical performance are surprisingly sparse when one considers that neuromuscular control of skilful motor performance reaches its acme in music. A case in point is the embouchure of brass instrumentalists, that is, the control of the firmness and vibration of the lips in relationship to each other and to the mouthpiece. The pedagogical literature is in a “state of chaos” according to Weast1. Among anatomists little more is known today about the normal function and kinesiology of the muscles of facial expression than has been known for a century—knowledge gained through the dissection of corpses and simple observation2. With the exception of buccinator muscle during normal function3,4 and labial muscles during speech5,6, the facial muscles have been almost ignored by electromyographers. Thus, electromyography (EMG) offers to reveal the function of the facial muscles as it has for many other parts of the body7.