Showing papers on "Filler metal published in 1983"

Welding method combining laser welding and MIG welding

Abstract: Welding of deep penetration is obtained in a sustrate by a method which comprises first melting the joint portion of the substrates by MIG welding and then focusing a laser beam in the bottom surface of a crater formed in consequence of the MIG welding thereby effecting laser welding of the crater.

Thermally assisted ultrasonic welding apparatus and process

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for use in an ultrasonic vibratory welder for pre-heating the workpieces prior to welding and, thereafter, for continuously monitoring the temperature of the anvil and of the welding tip during subsequent welding operations to insure their temperature remains within a pre-determined range during the entire welding cycle. It has been found that weld characteristics, particularly weld size, shape, configuration and strength are dependent upon the temperature of the anvil and welding tip. Thermostatically controlled resistance heating means are provided in the anvil and/or in the welding tip for pre-heating of the workpieces. Automatic control means, are also provided for alternately heating and cooling the anvil and welding tip during the welding cycle.

Production of aluminum heat exchanger

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the buckling of corrugated Al fins owing to the use of the thin-walled fins and to reduce the weight of a heat exchanger by coating an Al alloy brazing filler meal consisting of a limited compsn. to the surface of an extruded multi-hole Al tube having a limited m. p., combining the bare fins therewith and heating the assembly thereby brazing the same. CONSTITUTION:The Al alloy brazing filler metal 3 contg., by weight, 6-13% Si, contg. 0.01-1.0% Bi or 0.01-1.0% Bi and =63.5 deg.C m. p. The bare corrugated fins consisting of the Al or Al alloy without being coated with the Al alloy brazing filler metal is then combined therewith and a flux is coated to the joint parts between the tube 1 and the fins 2. The assembly is heated to the melting temp. of the brazing filler metal in an inert gaseous atmosphere and is thus brazed. The reason for limiting the m. p. lies in that hot dipping is made easy. The reason for limiting the compsn. of the brazing filler metal lies in that the hot dipping of the brazing filler metal and the brazing of the tube and the fins are made easy.

Resistance welding of zinc-coated steel

Abstract: A method for resistance welding zinc-coated steel members is described wherein at least one member comprises a copper layer intermediate the steel and the zinc coating. The copper layer melts during welding and seals fissures within the fused steel to produce a hermetic weld. The copper layer also protects exterior surfaces where the zinc coating is disrupted by the welding operation.

Method for welding very low carbon steel

Abstract: A method for arc welding a very low carbon steel containing 0005-006% C characterized by employing a welding material with nickel together with high carbon so as to form weld metal containing nickel Solidification cracking on the thus welded metal can be prevented

Local melting of nodular cast iron by plasma arc

Abstract: The microstructural changes in the fusion boundary area of nodular cast iron (NCI) were investigated by plasma arc local-melting with and without a filler metal. The NCI cylinder specimen was locally melted by the static plasma torch for a very short time, adopting the non-keyhole method. The microstructures produced in the fusion region, fusion boundary region and heat-affected zone (HAZ) were examined metallographically. In the absence of filler metal, the fusion boundary area is composed of ledeburite in the fusion region, and martensitic, troostitic—ferritic layers for the short arc-time and sorbitic, sorbitic—ferritic layers for long arc times in HAZ. Although the formation of white iron in the fusion region may be caused by a relatively high cooling rate, the major cause is due to supercooling effects produced by the decrease of magnesium content in the molten iron directly under the plasma arc. Using nickel and Ni—Fe filler metals, Nimartensite appears in the deposited fusion boundary, and the HAZ region is composed of ledeburitic and martensitic or sorbitic layers. The ledeburitic layer thickness varies with the melting point of the filler metal. The diffusion of nickel from the deposit metal to the HAZ occurs at least until the fused base metal in the HAZ.

Method and apparatus for preventing tip sticking during welding operation

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing tip sticking during the spot welding of workpieces including ultrasonic vibratory spot welding. The welding apparatus includes a welding tip and a complimentary anvil between which the workpieces to be welded may be inserted. The welding tip is adapted to introduce into and through the workpieces sufficient amounts of energy to effect a weld between the workpieces. Shim material is inserted between the welding tip and the workpieces and/or between the anvil and the workpieces, said shim material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the workpieces. After insertion of the shim material, welding energy is then introduced through the shim material and the workpieces and welds are effected therebetween. The shim material is then torn away and discarded. Apparatus for effecting this method is further provided.

Self-piercing rivets for aluminum components

Abstract: Recent trends in the automotive industry toward improving fuel economy have led to the conversion of many steel applications to aluminum. The use of aluminum reduces vehicle weight while allowing the automaker to continue to use traditional fabricating methods. The primary joining technique used for steel sheet components has been resistance spot welding. While this technique is currently used to join many aluminum components, automakers are reluctant to specify this joining technique due to capital equipment cost, electrode tip life, or reliability concerns. Several alternate joining techniques have been investigated and used. These include adhesive bonding, weld bonding, resistance welding with arc cleaning, GMA spot welding, clinching, and riveting. Recently, a method of riveting components without prepunching or predrilling holes has generated a large amount of interest. This paper is a review of this riveting technique. Data is included for comparisons to resistance spot welded joints.

Filler metal for welding two-phase stainless steel

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a titled filler metal which is free from high-temp. cracking in welding with a large heat input by incorporating a specific ratio of C, Si, Mn, Cu, Cr, Mo, N and Ni into Fe. CONSTITUTION:A filler metal for welding a two-phase stainless steel contg., by weight, =1 kind of W and V thereto according to need.

Nickel based brazing filler metals

Abstract: A nickel based metal alloy consists essentially of about 25 to 35 atom percent palladium and about 15 to 20 atom percent silicon the balance being essentially nickel and incidental impurities. The alloy is especially suited for use as a filler metal in joining steels and superalloys at temperatures less than 1000° C.

Joining method of aluminum-titanium by arc welding

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a defectless joint part by combining specifically a welding power source, heat source, shielding gas and welding rod or electrode wire so that only the Al base metal side and welding rod are melted and that the Ti base metal side is hardly melted. CONSTITUTION:An arc 5 is generated between an electrode 6 of a torch 7 and base metals 1, 2 for the butt parts of the base metal 1 consisting of an Al alloy and the base metal 2 consisting of Ti. The TIG arc by a DC power source of a straight polarity or AC power source AC as a welding power source P or the MIG arc by a DC power source of a reversel polarity is used as a heat source for the arc 5. Al or the alloy thereof, phosphor copper solder or silver alloy contg. >=20% (by weight) Al is used as the welding rod or electrode wire. Gaseous Ar 8 is used as the shielding gas. The weld metal 3 formed in the joint parts between the base metals 1 and 2 has the compsn. in which the Al base metal 1 and the welding rod 4 are mixed.

Copper alloy welding filler and method of use

Abstract: A copper alloy welding filler for use in arc welding copper to produce sound welds with good mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity is disclosed. The filler consists essentially of a zirconium-boron copper alloy filler metal wherein the concentration ratio of zirconium to boron is at least about 4 to 1; the minimum concentration of boron is about 300 PPM; and the concentration of zirconium is a maximum of about 6000 PPM. The minimum level of about 300 PPM boron on a weight basis eliminates porosity in the weld; while zirconium below about 6000 PPM is effective to eliminate weld cracking without having a detrimental effect on the electrical conductivity.

Deformation behavior of a 16-8-2 GTA weld as influenced by its solidification substructure

Abstract: Weldment sections from 'formed and welded’ type 316 stainless steel pipe are characterized with respect to some time-independent (tensile) and time-dependent (creep) mechanical properties at temperatures between 25 °C and 649 °C. The GTA weldment, welded with 16-8-2 filler metal, is sectioned from pipe in the ‘formed + welded + solution annealed + straightened’ condition, as well as in the same condition with an additional ‘re-solution’ treatment. Detailed room temperature microhardness measurements on these sections before and after reannealing enable a determination of the different recovery characteristics of weld and base metal. The observed stable weld metal solidification dislocation substructure in comparison with the base metal ‘random’ dislocation structure, in fact, adequately explains weld/base metal elevated temperature mechanical behavior differences from this recovery characteristic standpoint. The weld metal substructure is the only parameter common to the variety of austenitic stainless steel welds exhibiting the consistent parent/weld metal deformation behavior differences described here. As such, it must be considered the key to understanding weldment mechanical behavior.

Method of hardfacing vertical walls

Abstract: A method of hardfacing vertical walls comprises building up a layer of superimposed partly overlapping horizontally extending weld beads by depositing the beads in a submerged arc welding operation using relatively thin welding wires and welding powder which is fed over the weld wire. The welding powder is allowed to accumulate to provide a support for additional powder as welding progresses vertically.

Gold-tin composite brazing filler metal and its production

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide an Au-Sn brazing filler metal suited for brazing of various electronic parts provided particularly with semiconductor elements, etc by consisting the same of the compsn of a desired Au-Sn eutectic type alloy brazing filler metal and interposing the diffused phases of Au, Sn wherein both phases of Au and Sn are stuck continuously CONSTITUTION:An Au raw material 1 and an Sn raw mateial 2 are superposed alternately to form a heavily laminated material 3 which is so controlled that the total weight of the material 1 and the total weight of the material 2 is the compsn wt% of the desired Au-Sn eutectic alloy brazing filler metal More specifically, the material 3 is so formed that the total weight of the Sn raw material attains 20 weight ratio based on the total weight 80 of the Au raw material After the material 3 is cold rolled (press stuck), the material is subjected to stress relief under heating at ordinary temp -160 degC The resultant brazing filler metal contains Au phases 4-, Sn phases 5- in a heavily laminated state in accordance with the material 2 and the phases 4, 5 are stuck continuously to the diffused phases 6- of Au, Sn interposed therein

Filler metal for electron beam welding of aluminum alloy

Abstract: PURPOSE:To assure joint strength, by incorporating a specific amt of magnesium in a filler metal to be used for electron beam welding of Al alloys CONSTITUTION:An electron beam 2 is irradiated to the butt parts of pipe materials 1, 1 to be welded; at the same time, a filler metal 3 is fed automatically and is added to weld zones The filler metal consists of an Al alloy contg 45-60% magnesium An adequate content of the magnesium is incorporated in the weld metal without imparing weldability by the above-mentioned method and the joint strength equal to or higher than the strength of the base metals is assured

Method and apparatus for welding

Abstract: PURPOSE:To eliminate poor penetration of welded metal to a base material at starting end of welding, by performing welding with a nonconsumable electrode for a specified time at the start of welding and after stopping resuming welding with a consumable electrode from near the stop time of the former welding. CONSTITUTION:A torch 10 of a TIG welding mechanism is provided in front of the direction of advance of welding along the weld zone 16 of a base material 14, and a torch 12 of an MIG welding mechanism is provided behind it. The torch 10 is stopped just above the starting part of welding, and the TIG welding mechanism is operated, and the base material 14 near the starting part is molten or heated to a temperature just before melting. Then, torches 10 and 12 of the welding device is moved just above and along the weld zone, and after a lapse of a specified time, the MIG welding mechanism is operated. An arc is generated from the torch 12 and welding is performed by filler metal. A specified time after operation of the MIG welding mechanism, the TIG welding mechanism is stopped when the weld zone 16 is heated sufficiently, and welding is performed by the MIG welding mechanism only.

Low melting point brazing filler metal and its using method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a low m. p. brazing filler metal which has a low m. p., and forms good fayed surfaces without showing any brittle layer in joining copper members by contg. P and Sn respectively at prescribed ratios and consisting of the balance Cu. CONSTITUTION:The above-described low m. p. brazing filler metal has the compsn. consisting of 3.0-6.5wt% P, 12-23wt% Sn, and the balance Cu and unavoidable impurities. To join copper members by using such low m. p. brazing filler metal, this brazing filler metal is inserted between a base material (Cu) and a base material (Cu), and at the point of the time when the temp. attains the selected value higher than the solidus line temp., upsetting pressure is loaded upon the materials. Then brittle compds., oxide films, etc. which are liquid phase part are discharged to the outside of the fayed surfaces and the copper materials are joined to each other by allowing only the alpha copper to remain in the fayed surfaces. This joining method is particularly effective for joining of copper to be used for pipes of room air conditions, car coolers, etc.

Joining method for high melting point metal

Abstract: PURPOSE:To braze and join high mp metals to each other economically and efficiently by heating electrically the high mp metals which are superposed by sandwiching a brazing filler metal consisting of Mo and Ru CONSTITUTION:The joining end parts of the 1st high mp metal 6 and the 2nd high mp metal are superposed by sandwiching a brazing filler metal 8 consisting of Mo and Ru While the outer sides of the superposed parts are held grasped under pressure with electrodes 9, 9' of a spot welding machine, electricity is conducted to the electrodes to join both metals 6, 7 A green compact of mixed powder of Mo and Ru or the sintered body thereof is used for the above- described metal 8 With the alloy of Mo and Ru, there is an eutectic point of about 1,950 degC eutectic temp at the point where the content of Ru is about 42wt%, and therefore the brazing filler metal of the compsn around the same is suited as a brazing filler metal for the high mp metals Further, this brazing filler metal has good wettability with the high mp metallic materials such as W, Mo and the like

Setting method for powder brazing material

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve workability and to obtain a brazed product of good quality by forming a solid coating film of a thermally reactive adhesive agent on a part to be brazed, and reactivating said agent in the stage of a setting brazing filller metal. CONSTITUTION:A thermally activative adhesive agent which develops tackiness when heated such as an acrylic resin or vinyl acetate is coated on parts to be brazed. After these parts are once stored, the parts are heated to a required temp. to activate the coating film. A required amt. of powder brazing filler metal is put on the activated adhesive coating surface to set the brazing filler metal over the entire surface of the coating surface. Such parts are introduced into a furnace are heated. Thus workability is improved and the brazed products of good quality are obtained.

Brazing and fusion-welding method for metallic plate and metallic cylindrical body

Abstract: PURPOSE:To braze a metallic cylindrical body to a metallic plate in a short time with a conventional arc stud device without generating strain by enclosing the cylindrical body with a ferrule in the contact part of the cylindrical body which is held in contact with the metallic plate through a brazing filler metal and heating the same with arcs. CONSTITUTION:In order to adhere a stud pipe 1 to a fairly thin metallic plate 2, a brazing filler metal which is a wire rod is formed to an annular brazing filler metal 3 in such a way that said metal can be placed along the bottom end of the pipe 1. On the other hand, a ferrule 4 having holes 4a, 4a for evacuation is prepared in order to enclose the pipe 1 in the adhering position. The top end part of the pipe 1 is inserted into a stud gun, and the metal 3 is placed on the plate 2, then the bottom end part of the pipe 1 is inserted into the ferrule 4 placed on the plate 2 and is pressed to the plate 2 through the metal 3. Here if the pipe 1 is pulled up slightly and electricity is conducted thereto simultaneously, welding arcs scatter between the pipe 1 and the metal 3, and the metal 3 melts. Then when the pipe 1 is pressed to the plate 2 and the current is interrupted, the pipe 1 is adhered to the plate 2.

Electrode for arc welding and method for underwater welding

Abstract: An electrode comprising a base rod and a hard coating is coated with a powder coating comprising thermite, a gelling agent, and optionally particles of hard coating material that swells upon contact with water and forms a gelatinous coating upon use in underwater arc welding, and acts as an insulating, coating, and fluxing agent in underwater arc welding is disclosed.

Continuous manufacture of metallic small diameter pipe

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce continuously small diameter metallic pipes free from welding defects such as pin holes etc. by arc welding the joint while forming a metallic tape and brazing the weld zone applying utrasonic oscillation. CONSTITUTION:A metallic tape 1 is sent continuously to forming stage and both end both ends in the direction of width are butted and rounded. The joint is arc welded successively in welding process and small diameter metallic pipes 4 are obtained continuously. Then, the small diameter metallic pipe 4 is sent to ultrasonic brazing stage 5, and the weld zone 6 is brazed and brazing filler metal 8 such as solder etc. is provided while giving ultrasonic oscillation by an ultrasonic horn 7. At this time, the ultrasonic horn 7 is oscillated at right angles to the small diameter metallic pipe 4. By this way, welding defects such as pin holes of the weld zone 6 are filled up by infiltration of the brazing filler metal 8.

Aluminum-brazed joint

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve durability of an Al-brazed joint with mixed powder for brazing composed of a non-corrosive flux for Al brazing having a specific compsn. and Al brazing filler metal powder by incorporating a specific amt. of Zn to the Al brazing filler metal. CONSTITUTION:Al-brazed joint is obtd. by coating mixed powder for brazing mixed with a non-corrosive flux for Al brazing consisting of a mixture composed of KAlF4 and K3AlF6 and consisting of 40-50wt% KF and 60-50wt% AlF3 and Al brazing filler metal powder contg. 5-12wt% Si with each other to the joint part to be Al-brazed, and heating the joint to the m.p. of the Al brazing filler metal or above. Zn is incorporated at 0.2-2wt% into the Al brazing filler metal powder in this stage. The single electrode potential of the brazing filler metal is thus made base, by which the corrosive current is suppressed or reversed and at the same time the Zn in the powdery brazing filler metal is diffused to the surface of a material for forming a passage in the stage of brazing. Generation and progression of pitting corrosion are thus suppressed and durability is improved.

Copper brazing method for nickel or nickel alloy

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a brazing method which provides sufficient airtightness as packages despite the use of copper for a brazing filler metal for said packages in the stage of making a part of the packages of Ni or an Ni alloy by subjecting said parts to copper brazing via the pure iron plating layer carried out on the Ni or Ni alloy. CONSTITUTION:Pure iron plating 5 is carried out on the surface of an Ni part 2 by using a plating soln. contg. iron sulfate, ferrous chloride, and ammonium chloride respectively at prescribed concns. Copper as a brazing filler metal 3 and an iron part 1 are heated in a hydrogen atmosphere of, for example, 1,130 deg.C, then the metal 3 melts and brazes the part 2 via the pure iron plating 5 to the part 1. As a result, an ideal brazed state wherein dendrite crystals 7 are observed here and there of the layer 3 is obtained. The yield of production of the resultant packages is 100% and the cost of production is reduced considerably.