Showing papers on "Four-stroke engine published in 1980"

Split type internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is disclosed which comprises first and second cylinder units each including at least one cylinder, an induction passage divided downstream of the throttle valve into first and second intake passages leading to first and second cylinder units, respectively, a vacuum tank held at a vacuum above that in the induction passage downstream of the throttle valve, a stop valve provided at the entrance of the second intake passage and adapted to move toward its closed position when connected to the vacuum tank, and a control circuit adapted to block the supply of fuel to the second cylinder unit and connect the vacuum tank to the stop valve thereby shifting the engine operation into a split engine mode when the engine load is below a predetermined value. The control circuit includes means for forcing the engine operation into its full cylinder mode regardless of engine load conditions before the vacuum in the vacuum tank reaches a value sufficient to move the stop valve to its fully closed position.

Two-cycle internal combustion engine including means for varying cylinder port timing

Abstract: The two-cycle internal combustion engine includes an engine block having a cylindrical wall defining a cylinder having a head end, a piston mounted for reciprocative movement in the cylinder, and a passage in the engine block, such as an exhaust passage, a transfer passage, or a crankcase fuel intake passage, terminating at the cylinder wall in a port, such as an exhaust port, a transfer port or a piston-controlled, crankcase fuel intake port, having upper and lower edges. A valve mounted in the passage for movement relative to the port is operable to selectively vary the effective distance of one of the port edges from the cylinder head end and thereby provide the capability of varying the timing of the port opening and/or closing as required to obtain optimum engine performance at different operating conditions.

Low-noise-level internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a bore for receiving the journal of a crankshaft which bore is defined by a lower section of a cylinder block and a bearing cap secured to the cylinder block. A cylindrical housing provided at its inner surface with a metal sleeve bearing is disposed in the bore so as to rotatably support the crankshaft journal. Additionally, a cylindrical elastic member is securely disposed between the outer surface of the cylindrical housing and the peripheral surface of the bore, thereby absorbing vibration transmitted through a piston to the crankshaft, which vibration is due to pressure generated in engine cylinders.

Regenerative reciprocating open cycle internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the open cycle type in which a porous, heat retaining regenerative member is placed in a cylinder head between the reciprocal piston and the intake and exhaust valve thereof. The regenerator member is heated to high temperatures during the exhaust cycle of the engine and preheats a fresh charge of air during the compression stroke of the engine so that, when the compressed air charge is mixed and ignited with a fuel charge, the engine's efficiency will be increased and the engine may operate at a lower compression ratio, thereby reducing heat loss to the engine. In one embodiment, the piston has means for releasably coupling the regenerator member therewith for movement with the piston during two of the strokes of the cycle of operation of the engine, the coupling and uncoupling being a function of the position of the piston in the cylinder. In a second embodiment the engine is of a low profile, side valve engine in which the regenerator member is stationary relative to the cylinder and provided with a reciprocal dam to control the air charge flow through the regenerator.

Case deflection control in aircraft gas turbine engines

Abstract: A gas turbine engine and structure for mounting the gas turbine engine on an aircraft is disclosed. Techniques for controlling the magnitude of engine case deflection from the axis of the engine are developed. The transfer of a portion of the gust and thrust loads externally of the engine case to a location downstream of the rearward engine mount generates a reverse moment which counteracts deflection in the engine case.

Method of and apparatus for starting an air-compressing four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for starting an air-compressing four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, in which the air for the combustion process is preheated in the intake system or in chambers communicating with the intake system. The air conveying engine parts are, prior to the self-sustaining operation of the engine, heated by means of the preheated intake air, while the engine during the preheating operation is driven by means of separate power and the inlet and outlet valves are controlled in conformity with the two-stroke cycle so that each upward stroke of a piston provides an exhaust stroke and every downward stroke of a piston provides an intake stroke. The shift-over of the operation of the inlet and outlet valves from two-stroke cycle operation to four-stroke cycle operation and the admission of fuel into the cylinders are effected only when the air conveying engine parts and the air charge have reached a temperature sufficient for the start of the engine.

Four-cycle internal combustion engine and associated methods of fuel combustion

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder bore formed in a cylinder block, a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder bore, and a combustion chamber formed in a cylinder head above the piston. The bore, piston and combustion chamber have an elongated non-circular cross-section which, for example, can be of elongated circular or elliptical shape. An intake system for fuel mixture is connected to the combustion chamber to supply fuel mixture to a central region of the combustion chamber and an exhaust system is connected to each end of the combustion chamber in an outer region for discharge of exhaust gases.

Two-cycle internal combustion engine having high swirl combustion chamber

Abstract: Disclosed is a two-cycle, internal combustion engine including an engine block, and a cylinder in the engine block having a head and generally opposed inlet and outlet walls respectively including at least one intake port through which a fresh charge is admitted into the cylinder and at least one outlet port through which exhaust gases are exhausted from the cylinder. A piston is mounted for reciprocative movement inside the cylinder between a first position spaced from the cylinder head wherein the intake port is uncovered, a top dead center position, and a third position wherein the piston approaches the top dead center position. The piston has a top, an inlet face portion which periodically covers and uncovers the intake port and an outlet face portion which periodically covers and uncovers the outlet port. The piston and cylinder have a configuration causing increased swirling of the fresh charge in the cylinder as the piston moves from the third position to the top dead center position. The piston and cylinder are constructed so as to form two spaced apart chambers in the cylinder when the piston is in the third position and for causing that portion of the charge in one of the chambers to be forced into the other of the chambers as the piston moves to the top dead center position.

Four cycle internal combustion engine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To supplement the pressure in a cylinder so as to prevent the increase of oil up in a cylinder, by slightly opening a valve of the cylinder being at a standstill during a part load operation only at the vicinity of the bottom dead center of a piston. CONSTITUTION: A four cycle engine comprising a cam 8 enging with the end of rocker arm 5 during normal operation and a cam 7 engaging with the end of the rocker arm 5 during a part loak operation, said cams 7, 8 are respectively mounted on a cam shaft 2 in a line in the axial direction. The rocker arm 5 is pivotally mounted on a rocker shaft 6 so that it can move in the axial direction, said movement in the axial direction is done by an actuator 9 acted in accordance with the normal or partial loak operations of the engine. If the valve 3 is a suction valve, the position of the cam 7 is adjusted so that the valve 3 has maximum valve lift position before the point of crank angle 180°. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

Control apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a carburetor

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the operation of an internal combustion engine having a carburetor which, controls the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine in the steady operating condition of the engine on the basis of predetermined data determined relative to the engine crankshaft rotation speed and intake vacuum and stored in a memory A three-way catalyst purifies engine exhaust gases, and an output signal from an O2 sensor in the exhaust system is fed back for the control of the air-fuel ratio in the engine exhaust gases A circuit checks whether this feedback control is normally carried or not The air-fuel ratio supplied to the engine in an unsteady operating condition of the engine is controlled by regulating the fuel and air supplied to the engine while bypassing the carburetor, by the sensed values of the intake vacuum, engine crankshaft rotation speed and engine temperature and also depending on the throttle valve position To control the rate of exhaust gas recirculation, an upper limit and a lower limit of the rate of opening of a recirculation rate regulating valve are determined on the basis of the sensed throttle valve opening, and other predetermined data determined relative to the engine crankshaft rotation speed and intake vaccum is read out from the memory to limit the rate of opening of the recirculation rate regulating valve

Internal combustion engine or pumping device

Abstract: An internal combustion engine or pumping device is disclosed including a block forming a plurality of cylinders, each divided into a combustion chamber and a pumping chamber by a reciprocable piston, energy developed by internal combustion within the combustion chamber being transferred directly through the piston for pressurizing transmission drive fluid in the pumping chamber which is then communicated through a high pressure conduit for performing useful work and returned to the engine through a low pressure conduit. The engine or pump preferably includes pairs of such pistons which are mechanically interconnected for operation in opposition to each other. Couplings and controls synchronize operation of the pistons and regulate fuel and air supply to the combustion chambers. The engine is also equipped with a number of systems for preventing piston overtravel, particularly a self-actuating brake which is also novel apart from the present engine or pumping device.

Low-noise level reciprocating piston internal combustion engine

Abstract: Disclosed is a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine comprises a housing device connected to a cylinder block for receiving therein a crankshaft of the engine. The housing device is formed with open chambers spaced from each other by partition walls which support the journals of the crankshaft via main bearings mounted to the partition walls. A sound-insulating panel is attached to the housing device in a manner to sealingly close the open ends of all of the open chambers thereby to permit the chambers to serve as lubricant oil reservers.

IC piston engine or gas turbine - has rotary piston Stirling engine utilising heat in exhaust gas directly or via turbocharger turbine

Abstract: The reciprocating piston engine (1) or gas turbine is provided with a hot gas (Stirling) engine (9), pref. of the rotary piston type, to utilise the energy contained in the exhaust gas. The engine (1) may have an exhaust-driven turbocharger (30), the heating unit (16) of the engine (9) being arranged in the exhaust flow downstream of the charger turbine (4). A burner may be arranged immediately upstream of the heater (16) for combustion of additional fuel in the air remaining in the exhaust gas. The shafts (6,8) of the engines may be mechanically or hydraulically coupled, e.g. via the camshaft (7) of the piston engine.

Cross-flow fan for transverse engine vehicle

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicle having a transversely mounted engine (20), an engine cooling radiator (22) mounted forward of the engine and substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the engine crankshaft, a cross-flow fan (24) mounted for rotation about an axis substantially parallel to the crankshaft axis and between the crankshaft axis and plane of the radiator, and a mechanical drive (32, 34, 36) which rotates the fan in response to rotation of the crankshaft.

Dual piston two stroke engine

Abstract: A two stroke internal combustion engine with at least one dual piston, the cylinders of which are connected to each other by a combustion chamber on the cylinder head side. The engine can be charged on the crank chamber side with an air or air/fuel mixture by a turbo or supercharger. Both the leading and trailing pistons of the dual piston construction control the process of transfer of the air or air/fuel mixture through a transfer port from the crank chamber side of the cylinders to the combustion chamber side of the cylinder for the trailing piston as well as the exhaust process such that the exhaust process begins before the initiation of the transfer process. The engine can operate on either the Otto or Diesel cycles and use multiple fuels.

Hydraulic combustion engine

Abstract: A piston engine, that may comprise one or more piston assemblies, employs hydraulic pressure principles in combination with an internal combustion construction to minimize the fuel required to operate the engine The engine includes multiple assemblies for housing a small upper piston operated in an oscillating manner from combustion at the top surface of the piston, a large piston below the small piston operated through a hydraulic medium from the upper piston, and output means from the large piston including a crankshaft or the like, preferably a short stroke crankshaft By employing a small piston on top, maximum hydraulic force is transferred to the larger piston to increase operating efficiency

Method of operating a single spot fuel injected internal combustion engine and apparatus for same

Abstract: A single spot fuel injector is energized only twice per revolution of the crankshaft of the engine so that under given operating conditions the injections coincide with the TDC and BDC positions of a piston of a selected cylinder of the engine. Under higher engine speed operation, the injection timing is advanced to improve the fuel distribution to the cylinders. When the engine operates at an engine speed below a predetermined level it is possible for the injector to be energized three times per revolution of the crankshaft.

Engine brake actuating apparatus

Abstract: PURPOSE: To actuate engine brake in an efficient and safe manner by opening an exhaust valve at a position near the top dead point of a piston at the end of compression stroke. CONSTITUTION: A drive piston 11 and a drive piston follower 6 which produce pressure when they are driven by an exhaust-valve openig cam surface 7a of an exhaust cam 7 are provided at one end of a rocker arm 3 of an exhaust-valve opening and closing mechanism, while an actuator piston 4 which urges an exhaust valve 1 in its opening direction by said pressure produced by the drive piston 11 and drive piston follower 11 and a means for absorbing the reaction force of the actuator piston 4 are provided at the other end of the rocker arm 3. With such an arrangement, the exhaust valve 1 is opened at a position near the top dead point of a piston at the end of the compression stroke of the engine. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

Primary-secondary induction internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the four cycle reciprocating piston type wherein intake and exhaust of working fluid and combustible fuel into the engine is primarily by means of valves in the cylinder head, and secondarily by means of an intake port in open communication with the lower portion of the cylinder chamber for the induction of additional gases for the support of combustion, and preferably a combustible mixture controlled by valve means for induction only.

Engine vertical ventillation

Abstract: The invention relates to exhaust and induction manifolds used in internal combustion engines and in particular to those types of engines employing cylinder ventillating facilities at each end of the piston stroke. The upper-stroke process flows, comprising the initial induction and final exhaust pumping events, are controlled in the conventional manner using poppet valves located within the cylinder clearance volume while the lower piston stoke process flows, which define the engine bottom-cycle pumping events, are controlled by bidirectional flow ejector design at side-ports positioned along the slidable working surface of the engine cylinder. The integrated flow pattern between the upper-stroke and lower-stroke process controls overlap at certain portions of the engine operation providing vertical ventillation of the engine cylinder at each bottom-stroke piston position for each discrete engine process.

Propeller and piston combination for internal combustion engines

Abstract: This piston design serves to increase engine horsepower, and causes less friction, while simultaneously reducing fuel consumption. It consists primarily of a propeller-topped piston, secured, by its wrist pin, in a rotatable swivel member in the top of a connecting rod, that is secured to an engine crankshaft.

Generator with engine

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form a generator unit to rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole and obtain its compactness, by vertically placing an engine and arranging an engine driven generator to a side lower part of the engine simultaneously with an idea of the arrangement position for a fuel tank. CONSTITUTION:A four-cycle engine 1 is vertically placed with a cylinder 2 in an erect state, then a carburetor, air cleaner 4 and exhaust muffler 5 are collectively arranged to a front side of the engine 1. While a recoiled starter 10 is coupled to a cooling fan mounted to one end of a crankshaft 8, and the outside air is guided from an intake port 11 by rotation of the cooling fan and blown into a hood 12. To one side lower part of said engine 1 a generator 14 is arranged and its rotor 18 is rotated by a driving shaft 19 integrally coupled to the crankshaft 8. Then above the generator 14 and to a top side part of the engine a fuel tank 32 is arranged in such a manner as to constitute a rectangular parallelepiped with an outer contour surface of the engine 1, generator 14 and fuel tank 32.

Fuel injection pump for Diesel engine - has insert with auxiliary piston to vary start of injection according to engine load

Abstract: A piston (1) reciprocates in a cylinder (2). Fuel enters the working space (4) through ports (6) and leaves through a a longitudinal bore (7) and a radial bore (8) in the piston. The piston rotates so that the outlet communicates in turn with the discharge valve (10) to each engine cylinder. A relief port (11) reduces the pressure to bring injection to an end and its opening is governed by a sliding sleeve (12). An inert (15) in the end of the cylinder (2) contains an auxiliary piston (20). Air pressure (30) controlled from the engine (31) varies the force on this to adjust the volume of the working space (4) and thus vary the start of injection.

Gas energized engine system

Abstract: A Gas Energized Engine System, according to the present invention, is adapted to drive a piston type gas energized engine having a piston and cylinder system that is operatively interconnected with a crankshaft that transmits rotary force to any suitable load. The piston type engine is provided with gas intake and exhaust systems. The gas intake system is interconnected with a gas supply system having a high pressure supply vessel and an operating pressure supply vessel that are interconnected by a pressure regulator. A converter system which is an engine and compressor system that is separate from the gas energized engine, and has a gas inlet that receives the exhaust of the gas exhaust system of the engine and functions to compress the exhaust gas to a high pressure and communicate the high pressure to the high pressure vessel of the gas supply system and to modify the exhaust atmosphere of the gas energized engine. The converter system is energized by gas transmitted thereto by the operating pressure gas supply. The converter system is driven by a plurality of linear hydraulic motors that are interconnected to a common crankshaft along with a plurality of linear hydraulic compressors of the converter system. The linear hydraulic motors are actuated in response to a valving system that is energized in response to crankshaft movement. The gas energized engine system is a substantially closed loop system with energy losses due to seal leakage, friction losses and the like being continuously replenished.

Combustion engine with substantially constant compression

Abstract: A variable length stroke piston is provided in an internal combustion engine having an engine block means including a toroidal shaped cylinder, a piston positioned in the cylinder for arcuate reciprocation therein, a piston rod means pivotally positioning the piston for movement about the center axis of the toroid defining the cylinder, a regulatory shaft positioned parallel to a crankshaft and with a connector link extending therefrom, articulated link means pivotally interconnecting the piston rod to the engine connecting rod and operatively connecting to the regulatory shaft, and means operatively connect the regulatory shaft to the accelerator controlling the engine to rotate the regulatory shaft through a controlled arc with changes in the setting of the accelerator and reduce the length of piston stroke with reduced fuel supply to the engine to maintain substantially uniform compression in the cylinder at all times.

Air-cooled four-stroke internal-combustion engine with rotary slide valve

Abstract: 1. Air-cooled four-stroke internal-combustion engine which is controlled by a rotary valve, with a cylinder liner, mounted in a bearing-bore in the cylinder block, in a manner permitting rotation about its axis, with a fixedly attached bottom which bears against the cylinder head in a manner effecting sealing, and forms the rotary valve, the liner being driven from the crankshaft via a gearwheel-drive in the ratio 1:2, wherein the bottom has a passage port and the cylinder head has at least one inlet port and at least one exhaust port, all three ports being located on the same diameter, (14, 26) is provided in the cylinder block (2), contiguous in a manner known per se with the outer wall (3a) of the cylinder liner (3), and extending from the crankcase (9) essentially up to the cylinder head (6), and opening, at the end adjacent to the cylinder head (6), into a second passage (17), and in that the crankcase (9), which is otherwise closed on all sides, communicates with the outside air via an inlet passage (19, 20; 27) and an automatic valve arrangement (20, 21; 28), which permits outside air to flow into the crankcase (9) during the upward movement of the piston (22) from its lower to its upper dead centre, and closes the inlet passage (19, 20; 27) during the downward movement of the piston (22), so that the air which has been drawn into the crankcase (9) is displaced through the first and second passages (14, 26, 17) for cooling.

Burglarproof apparatus for internal combustion engine

Abstract: An internal combustion engine such as that used on a motorcycle is made burglarproof by making inoperable any one of a number of movable engine parts. Externally a key is used to lock such engine elements as the crankshaft, drive shaft, transmission components, shift components and clutch components. A locking means is also disclosed that prevents the two engine casings from being taken apart.

Engine camshaft and piston lubrication

Abstract: Gutter forming ribs are arranged on the valley walls of a V-type internal combustion engine to intercept excess lubricant passing downwardly to the oil sump and direct it first to the individual valve actuating cams of the camshaft for lubricating the cams and second to the lower portions of the piston skirts extending below their respective cylinders at the bottom of their travel to lubricate the piston skirt and cylinder walls.

Rotary radial internal combustion engine

Abstract: not available for EP0028622Abstract of corresponding document: WO8002584An internal combustion machine in which radially aligned cylinders (3) are supported to collectively rotate about a first transverse axis and pistons commonly connected through a common rotor are supported to rotate about a second axis offset from the first, the degree of offset being adjustable so that the compression ratio can be adjusted while the engine is running There is an integral rotor and each piston is slideably and rotatably secured to this to allow the appropriate relative movement The arrangement allows also a four stroke cycle and has co-axial exhaust and inlet feeds

Internal combustion engine with one or more compression caps between piston and cylinder head and deflection means in the combustion chamber through which rotary flow is induced in the charge

Abstract: Internal combustion engine with one or more compression gap zones between piston and cylinder head at each side of a reduced size combustion chamber, and deflection means in the combustion chamber through which unidirectional rotary flow is induced in the fuel charge.