Showing papers on "Guidance system published in 1990"

Tactical and strategic missile guidance

Abstract: Numerical Techniques Fundamentals of Tactical Missile Guidance Method of Adjoints and the Homing Loop Noise Analysis Convariance Analysis and the Homing Loop Proportional Navigation and Miss Distance Digital Fading Memory Noise Filters in the Homing Loop Advanced Guidance Laws Kalman Filters and the Homing Loop Other Forms of Tactical Guidance Tactical Zones Strategic Considerations Boosters Lambert Guidance Strategic Intercepts Miscellaneous Topics Ballistic Target Properties Extended Kalman Filtering and Ballistic Coefficient Estimation Ballistic Target Challenges Multiple Targets Weaving Targets Representing Missile Airframe with Transfer Functions Introduction to Flight Control Design Three-Loop Autopilot. Appendices: Tactical and Strategic Missile Guidance Software Converting Programmes to C Converting Programmes to MATLAB Units.

Travel times as a basic part of the LISB guidance strategy

Abstract: The Berlin LISB Guidance and Information system is an individual, dynamic guidance system for motorised vehicles. LISB works in accordance with the principle of central route searching. Within a cycle of a few minutes, a computer in the traffic control centre of the road transport authorities calculates and offers the quickest routes for any given O-D relation in the entire urban area. The vehicle transmits to the beacon the travel and queueing times which it has gained from the network since it passed the last beacon; it then receives information about the quickest route to all surrounding beacons as well as the allocation of these routes to the destination coordinates. Thus, the navigation device can select the links by which the vehicle finds its destination. Over the day, travel times vary with the traffic volumes on the links of the network. Therefore a recommendation of quickest routes must not be static. The authors consider the role of travel time prediction and the methods for measuring times for the guidance system.

Space transfer vehicle and integrated guidance launch system

Abstract: A space launch system and a space transfer vehicle useable within such system. The space transfer vehicle includes a primary propulsion engine and attitude control system powered by the same storable bipropellant fuel and a guidance system for both the atmospheric launch vehicle and the space transfer vehicle. The space transfer vehicle is fuelable in space and has a primary propulsion engine which is configured for variable thrust burns.

Parking guidance and information systems: performance and capability

Abstract: This paper summarises the findings of a detailed review of existing parking guidance systems carried out as part of the DRIVE project PARCMAN The paper describes the basic technology of PGI systems and the current approaches adopted to system design and operation, and reviews evidence of the effectiveness of PGI systems

Navigational tractor guidance system

Abstract: An automatic guidance system based upon two position sensors was designed to follow a predetermined path. An algorithm, using the kinematic behavior of tractor movement, was developed to determine steering angle to reduce lateral position error. The algorithm was evaluated through use of computer simulation and verified in field experiments. When position-measurement error of the guidance system was less than 5 cm and distance measurement interval was less than 20 cm, the system would guide with a root-mean-squared error of less than 5 cm. More accurate measurements of tractor position and yaw angle and also faster error processing are required to improve field performance of the guidance system.

In-vehicle route guidance systems using map-matched dead reckoning

Abstract: A functional overview of software for a route guidance system developed for commercial automotive use is presented. The system encompasses a sensor subsystem that filters noise from raw sensor data; a user interface and control subsystem, which accepts user inputs for direction generating and responds with audible or displayed directions at the appropriate time; a vehicle positioning subsystem, which determines the vehicle's position in the road network based on sensor readings and map matching techniques; and a navigation subsystem that plots the requested route under a variety of nominal and nonnominal scenarios. An in-depth discussion of the map matched dead reckoning is presented, exploring the process whereby sensors and map and software are used to track vehicle position accurately. A discussion of preliminary results using these systems is given. It is concluded that initial tests, both via simulation and on the road, have validated the techniques and technology of route guidance using map matched dead reckoning for vehicle positioning. >

Driver route guidance systems: state of the art . telematics. transportation and spatial development. proceedings of an international symposium organized under the auspices of the center for transportation engineering, delft university of technology, held in the netherlands, april 14-15, 1988

Abstract: This paper consideres developments world-wide to show the state of the art of in-vehicle route guidance systems and discusses their potential for improving traffic management and control, and for achieving savings in travel time and distance which are expected to lower fuel and other journey costs including accidents, pollution, and wear on vehicles, roads, and people. Techniques for achieving in-vehicle route guidance are discussed and a method for classifying systems is presented. The classification is used: as a basis to compare the relative costs and benefits of different systems; as a framework within which to discuss current developments in Europe, Japan, and the USA; and to illustrate the advantages of infrastructure (such as road based) as opposed to autonomous (such as vehicle based) systems. Trends towards traffic responsive route guidance systems are considered, with particular reference to European work, and progress is reported on setting up the Radio Data System (RDS) for broadcasting road-traffic condition messages in Europe, and on trials of the automatic route guidance systems LISS in West Berlin and Autoguide in London. Preliminary results from research to establish the potential levels of use and benefit that could be achieved by traffic responsive in-vehicle route guidance systems are presented. Some potential impacts of these systems on society and the environment are considered, and requirements for further research in these areas are otlined. (Author/TRRL)

Ring laser gyro applications for tactical missiles: the Army TACMS solution

Abstract: The Honeywell H700-3A ring laser gyro missile guidance set (AN/DJW-51) provides navigation, guidance, autopilot, weapons dispensing, and communications functions for the US Army TACMS missile in a low-initial-cost and low-life-cycle-cost package. It is primarily the use of low-cost inertial sensors which make the use of a ring laser gyro navigation system feasible in the tactical missile market. The H700-3A ring laser gyro missile guidance set has proven to be a low-cost, high-accuracy guidance and navigation system for the deep-strike Army missile weapons system. This has been borne out by a highly successful test program of 26 missile flights. The components of the missile guidance set are described in detail. >

Attachment for guidance of pull-type implements

Abstract: An attachment accessory for an angularly adjustable agricultural implement guidance system that allows guidance of a pull-type implement thereby. A plurality of rotatable coulters which engage the ground are attached to a rigid frame which is connected to the guidance mechanism and tows a pull-type implement.

Intelligent support system for water and sewage treatment plants which includes a past history learning function — coagulant injection guidance system using neuralnet algorithm

Abstract: An Intelligent Operation Support system “I O S” is proposed which uses a new function for learning past histories of plant operations to provide better guidance in plant operation. “I O S” contains four domains: physical mathematical models, image processing techniques, KE (including fuzzy control) and a specially installed neural network algorithm. All these ensure operator friendly functions. The “I O S” is applied to a coagulant injection control system in a water purification plant. A simulation study is carried out, in which the neural network associates an optimum injection rate of coagulant, based on one years' learning of the operational history, as a relationship between the injection rate, water qualities and floe image monitoring results. The simulation results demonstrate the usefulness of the past history learning and guidance support. Furthermore, an automatic knowledge acquisition method is proposed on the basis of a mathematical analysis of the network. The results suggest that the neural network has a self-organizating ability, in which the guidance support is renewed by iterating the learning year-by-year.

Mobile missile launcher and guidance system - is capable of being transported by modified cross country vehicle for speedy deployment

Abstract: The modular constructed launcher assembly (11) and guidance control cabin (12) are mounted onto a steel section frame (13) which is attached to the chassis of a cross country vehicle (10) by self-centering bolts. The complete launcher assembly (11) which consists of four containers (11a), each having four missile launch tubes (11b), can be elevated as a single unit to its operational position by a hydraulic ram unit. The air-conditioned guidance control cabin (12) is fitted with the necessary guidance, monitoring and comminication equipment requred to control a missile engagement sequence and fulfil the fole of an independent or integrated defence system. USE/ADVANTAGE - Mobile missile system which can be quickly mounted on a relatively inexpensive carrier vehicle. High degree of mobility gives weapon system broad operational spectrum.

Worldwide differential GPS for Space Shuttle landing operations

Abstract: A worldwide differential Global Positioning System (WWDGPS) is viewed as an effective method of offering continuous high-quality navigation worldwide. The concept utilizes a network with as few as 33 ground stations to observe most of the error sources of GPS and to provide error corrections to users on a worldwide basis. The WWDGPS real-time GPS tracking concept promises a threefold or fourfold improvement in accuracy for authorized dual-frequency users, and in addition maintains an accurate and current ionosphere model for single-frequency users. A real-time global tracking network also has the potential to reverse declarations of 'poor health' of marginal satellites, increasing the number of satellites in the constellation And lessening the probability of GPS navigation outage. For Space Shuttle operations, the use of WWDGPS-aided P-code equipment promises performance equal to or better than other current landing guidance systems in terms of accuracy and reliability. This performance comes at significantly less cost to NASA, which will participate as a customer in a system designed as a commercial operation serving the global civil navigation community. >

Pilotage system for the guidance of vehicles, especially airplanes

Abstract: In a known visibility-independent guidance system, a region of an airport is equipped with a line guidance system corresponding to a railway track system The vehicles are equipped with a device for the exchange of signals with the line guidance system It is intended to provide a flexible pilotage system which can be subsequently installed on any airport The pilotage vehicle has, inter alia, an on-board computer system in which an image of the runways of the airport is stored and which automatically determines the speed and the direction of the pilotage vehicle with the aid of measured value pick-ups The pilotage system is provided in particular for the guidance of aircraft in the ground region of airports under all conditions of weather and visibility

Adaptive guidance for an aero-assisted boost vehicle

Abstract: An adaptive guidance system incorporating dynamic pressure constraint is studied for a single stage to low earth orbit (LEO) aero-assist booster with thrust gimbal angle as the control variable. To derive an adaptive guidance law, cubic spline functions are used to represent the ascent profile. The booster flight to LEO is divided into initial and terminal phases. In the initial phase, the ascent profile is continuously updated to maximize the performance of the boost vehicle enroute. A linear feedback control is used in the terminal phase to guide the aero-assisted booster onto the desired LEO. The computer simulation of the vehicle dynamics considers a rotating spherical earth, inverse square (Newtonian) gravity field and an exponential model for the earth's atmospheric density. This adaptive guidance algorithm is capable of handling large deviations in both atmospheric conditions and modeling uncertainties, while ensuring maximum booster performance.

Description and Performance of NAVMATE, an In-Vehicle Route Guidance System

Abstract: A joint effort of Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. and Navigation Technologies Corp. has now (March 1990) succeeded in building and demonstrating a working prototype in-vehicle Route Guidance System (RGS) called NAVMATE*, which is now being tested in the San Francisco Bay Area. The NAVMATE RGS is a completely self-contained hardware / software / database system which incorporates the following major subsystems: ? Path Planning - Generates optimum routes in the road network, between the vehicle's present location (or a specified origin) and a specified destination, using a modified A* algorithm ? Vehicle Positioning - Determines the location of the vehicle as it travels, within very tight tolerances, using map matched dead reckoning ? Route Guidance - Presents real-time instructions to the driver for following the generated route This self-contained RGS contrasts sharply with some systems now being tested and marketed in Europe which employ centrally controlled traffic management infrastructures to provide approximate driving directions to equipped vehicles via two-way infrared beacons. This paper presents: (1) a functional and operational overview of an RGS from the viewpoint of the user (driver), (2) describes NAVMATE in terms of its principal hardware and software subsystems, and (3) describes NAVMATE characteristics and performance including current testing activities and their preliminary results.

Windshear guidance system

Abstract: A windshear guidance system for guiding an aircraft during a microburst windshear is provided. This system includes a time comparison subassembly, an airspeed comparison subassembly and a pitch command subassembly. The pitch command subassembly includes a calibrated air speed source, latch means connected to the calibrated air speed source, switch means connected to the latch means, and a pitch guidance command unit connected to the switch means.

Flight control issues of the next generation space transportation launch vehicles

Abstract: Some of the issues that affect the flight control and guidance system designs for vertical-takeoff and horizontal-takeoff vehicles were investigated. A two-stage all-rocket vehicle was used to represent the vertical-takeoff system and a generic aerospace plane concept to represent the horizontal-takeoff vehicle. Two flight control issues for the vertical-takeoff rocket were uncovered. The first was the large gimbal angle range required for pitch trim when using parallel mated vehicles. The second was control during staging. Two issues were also identified for the air-breathing vehicle. The first is that the drag losses due to aerodynamic trim are a significant fraction of the total ideal velocity required to achieve orbit. The second issue is that since the vehicle flies at high dynamic pressure for most of the ascent, the guidance system design will be more difficult to ensure accurate insertion than that for the vertical-takeoff rocket system.

Driver route guidance systems : state-of-the-art

Abstract: This paper gives an overview of the state-of-the-art of route guidance systems. Techniques for achieving in-vehicle route guidance are discussed and a method for classifying systems is presented. The classification is used: as a basis to compare the relative costs and benefits of different systems; as a framework within which to discuss current developments in Europe, Japan, and the U.S.A.; and to illustrate the advantages of infrastructure (i.e. road based) as opposed to autonomous (i.e. vehicle based) systems. Trends towards traffic responsive route guidance systems are considered, with particular reference to European work, and progress is reported on setting up the Radio Data System (RDS) for broadcasting road-traffic condition messages in Europe, and on trials of the automatic route guidance systems LISB in West Berlin and AUTOGUIDE in London. Preliminary results from research to establish the potential levels of use and benefit that could be achieved by traffic responsive in- vehicle route guidance systems are presented. Some potential impacts of these systems on society and the environment are considered, and requirements for further research in these areas are outlined.

Method and device for fixing the position of an automatic vehicle

Abstract: The invention relates to fixing the position of a vehicle 1 whose movement is controlled automatically along a given journey, for example by wire-guidance, optical guiding or distance-counting guidance. It consists in placing magnetised studs 12 in certain determined areas of the journey and according to an appropriate positioning, in detecting the presence of the said studs, from the moving vehicle, by Hall effect, and in controlling the guidance system of the trolley 1 as a function of the positioning of the said studs 12 in the area in question.

Launch flexibility using nlp guidance and remote wind sensing

Abstract: This paper examines the use of lidar wind measurements in the implementation of a guidance strategy for a nonlinear programming (NLP) launch guidance algorithm. The NLP algorithm uses B-spline command function representation for flexibility in the design of the guidance steering commands. Using this algorithm, the guidance system solves a two-point boundary value problem at each guidance update. The specification of different boundary value problems at each guidance update provides flexibility that can be used in the design of the guidance strategy. The algorithm can use lidar wind measurements for on pad guidance retargeting and for load limiting guidance steering commands. Examples presented in the paper use simulated wind updates to correct wind induced final orbit errors and to adjust the guidance steering commands to limit the product of the dynamic pressure and angle-of-attack for launch vehicle load alleviation.

Turn controller for suspended personal transport vehicle

Abstract: An overhead suspended track mounted vehicle guidance system having an active on board station selection system and a passive non switching track. The slotted track includes an interiorly depending turn vane for guiding the guide wheel of the vehicle mounted guidance system. The system includes provision for fail safe operation wherein a mechanical interlock automatically assures next station selection in the event of guidance system failure.

Data and route guidance

Abstract: Describes the data components of a dynamic route guidance system and addresses the issues of: complexity of the database; collection of real-time data from various sources; accuracy and quality of information; and by-products of data accumulated by such a system. The detail is based upon the authors' experience in supporting the London Autoguide Demonstrator Project. >

The interaction between route guidance and signal control : development of a multiple user class model

Abstract: This Working Paper describes the development of a simulation model for route guidance, based on the principle of multiple user class assignment. The model calculates separate routes for guided and unguided drivers in full interaction with each other, assuming user equilibrium, system optimum and stochastic user equilibrium routing for each of the classes. As the model is equilibrium-based, it is most appropriate for the assessment of the long-term behaviour of route guidance systems. Conditions are derived under which the solution to the multiple user class assignment problem in a route guidance context is unique. The paper is finished with a literature overview of previous route guidance model work.